Attributive clause (定语从句）,The important and difficult points are following: 1. .that和which用法区别 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 3. 抽象的地点名词与定语从句 4.如何能在英语作文中运用定语从句,来了解一下定语,1. This is a red apple 5. This is a basketball full of fruits. This is the woman who helped me 定语从句的相关术语：1.先行词 2.关系词 【The place】( which) interested me most was the Childrens Palace.,语从句的相关术语：1.先行词 2.关系词 【The place】( which) interested me most was the Childrens Palace. 引导定语从句的关联词,关系词的两个作用；1.引导定语从句 2.代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分,人,主语,人,宾语,物,主语/宾语,人或物,主语/宾语/表语,关系词的两个作用；1.引导定语从句 2.代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分,Step2 practise（练习） 1.There seems to be nothing _seems impossible for him in the world. 2.All _you said at the meeting has nothing to do with me. 3.Its the book _I want. 4.This is the best place _ I have visited.,that,that,That/which,that,5.This is the dictionary _I bought yesterday. 6.The first English novel _I read was Robinson Crusoe. 7.This is the very book _I am looking for. 8.Who is the girl _ is standing near the door? 9.He is the man _ lives next door.,That/which,that,that,that,Who/that,10.Ive never heard of the people and things _you talked about just now. 11.Xiao Ming is the student _ pronunciation is the best in our class. 12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. 13.He passed the exam ,_made his mother very happy.,that,whose,With whom,which,总结：1.关系代词在定语从句中做主语，指人用_, 指物用_. 2.关系代词在句中做宾语，指人用_ ， 指物用_。,Who/that,Which/that,whom./that,可以省略关系代词,Which/that,也可以省略关系代词,关系代词只能用that不能用which的情况,Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 Ive read all the books that you lend me. 先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。 Everything that we saw in this film was true. everything, something, nothing, all, anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时,This is the very book that belongs to him. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时 Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. 主句已有who或which时 当先行词同时指人和物时 Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.,关系代词只能用which而不用that的情况,1.在定语从句中有介词+which/whom的结构，没有介词+that The engineer with whom ma father works is about 50 years old. 2.在非限制性定语从句中，句子缺主语和宾语，或指代上面这句话时候，只能用which，非限制性定语从句不能用that He passed the exam ,which made his mother very happy.,The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult time of my life. 5.However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg 6. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. 4.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. 7until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no right at all. 9.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. 1关系副词_ 在定语从句中作时间状语（句子1,5,6）。 关系副词_在定语从句中作地点状语（句子7,4,9）。,when,where,突破重点难点一 关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应该 时间的名词 关系词在从句中作时间状语 We will never forget the days when (on which) we met for the first time. 关系副词where引导定语从句时， 先行词应是表示地点的名词，关系词在 从句中作地点状语。 This is the factory where (in which) the explosion happened.,关系副词why引导定语从句时， 先行词常常为reason， 关系词在从句中作原因状语。 Can you explain the reason (for which) why you dont help him?,即学即用1,1.From the time _ he was little, he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up. 2.Shanghai is the place _ I was born. 3.We all know the reason _ he is so sad today.,when,where,why,学即用2 对比填空：that， which, when, where, why,I will never forget the days _ we spent together. I will never forget the days _ we stayed together. This is the place _ we visited last year. This is the place _ we hold a party last week. The reason _ he explained at the meeting was not sound. The reason _he was late was that he missed his train.,Which/that,when,That/which,where,That/which,why,突破重点难点二 抽象的地点名词与定语从句,像situation，case（情况，实例），point， stage（阶段），activity， position，scene等抽象“地点”的名词作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少主语，宾语或表语，应用关系代词which或that来引导。若定语从句中缺少地点状语时。应用关系副词where来引导。 Have you met with the case where you are misunderstood by others? Have you met with the case which is similar to this one?,即学即用6,1.Measures must be taken to change this situation _ it is unfavorable to us. 2.Can you think out a situation _ can agree with what he has said? 3.He has reached a stage _ he has to give up smoking. 4.He has reached a stage _is important to his whole life.,where,Which/that,where,Which/that,【达标检测】,1. The time _ you first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of your life. 2. The school _ I studied only two years was three kilometers away. 3. The day _ Nelson Mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the happiest days of my life.,when,where,when,4. Until today we have reached a stage _ we have almost no rights at all. 5. The parts of the town _ _ they had to live were decided by white peopl