阅读进阶 Graded reading上一期，我们学习了根据细节进行推断的技巧。本期，我们一起来学习根据逻辑关系进行推断的方法。推理判断之根据逻辑推断逻辑推理能力是推理判断中最重要的考查内容。任何一种形式的推理判断都是基于某种逻辑上的推理。因此，掌握逻辑推理法对于掌握推理判断技巧、正确完成推理判断起着至关重要的作用。现在，我们一起从下面的例题中来体验这一技巧在推理判断题中的运用。【例题】阅读下面这篇短文，并完成短文后的题。 Mr Lewis was a dance teacher. He was a nice man and always had a lot of students. One day, he moved to a new town, and soon taught many students in the dance school there, but he decided to move again to a big city. He thought he would have more work there. When one of his students heard that Mr Lewis was going to leave, she said to him, “The new teacher wont be as good as you are.” Mr Lewis felt very happy when he heard this, but he said, “Oh, no. Im sure hell be as good as I am or even better.” However, the student said, “No. Five teachers have come and gone while Ive been here, and each new one was worse than the last.” 1. The student thought that _. A. Mr Lewis was the best teacher B. Mr Lewis could be a better teacher C. Mr Lewis was worse than the next one D. Mr Lewis was the worst teacher of the five2. From the story, we can infer that the student wished _. A. to have a better teacher B. to have a worse teacher C. to become a dance teacher D. to see the sixth teacher 【解题指导】1. 扫读原文、题干及选项内容，大致判断各题干及选项对应原文信息的位置；2. 详读对应原文，理解对应语句的具体含义；3. 根据并列、递进、因果、反义等简单的逻辑关系对原文含义进行推断，得出正确答案。【答案及解析】1. D。原文中涉及到对于Mr Lewis及其他老师的评价的信息集中在二、三、四段。根据最后一段中的“Five teachers have come and gone while Ive been here, and each new one was worse than the last.”可知，该学生认为，在教过她的五位老师中，每一位都不如上一位好。根据反义理解，Mr Lewis作为到说话为止的最后一位老师，应该是当时所有老师中最糟糕的一位，因此D项正确。2. A。根据第二段中的“The new teacher wont be as good as you are.”及最后一段中的“Five teachers have come and gone while Ive been here, and each new one was worse than the last.”可知，当该学生得知Mr Lewis要离开时，表现出了对于下一位老师不如Mr Lewis好的担心；而担心的原因是该学生希望有一位更好的老师。故A为正确答案。【总结】在进行逻辑推理判断时，我们需要做到：1. 正确地找到对应的原文信息；2. 使用正确的逻辑关系推理，不可凭主观臆断。练一练阅读下面的短文，并完成短文后的题。 Once there was a little girl in a village. She spent summers on her grandfathers farm. When she was four, she knew some ducks. The ducks were white with orange feet. They lived in a little wooden house near the road. The little girl liked these ducks very much. Every day the ducks walked down the road to the pond. Then they went into the water. The little girl sat on the bank and saw them swimming in the pond. She talked to them and the ducks quacked(嘎嘎叫) back. However, one day the ducks were gone. No one would say anything about them. The little girl was afraid to ask where they were. One night everyone sat down for dinner. The food looked a little like chicken. The girl didnt want to eat. Can you guess why? 1. At the end of the story, the ducks were probably _. A. under the water B. on the plate C. in the wooden house D. swimming in the pond2. The little girl didnt eat because _. A. she wanted nice cakes B. the food may be made from the ducks C. the food was too hot D. the plate was empty写作进阶 Graded Writing前面两期，我们已经掌握了按照空间顺序组织段落的方法和技巧。本期，我们研究如何按照熟悉度来组织段落。按熟悉度组织段落（一）按照熟悉度组织段落是一种重要的段落组织方式。这种组织方式是以作者或读者对于某一事物或话题的不同方面的熟悉程度来进行段落的组织。使用熟悉度法组织段落既可以采用“陌生熟悉”的顺序，也可以采用“熟悉陌生”的顺序。两种方式各有优势。下面，我们先学习如何采用“陌生熟悉”的顺序来组织段落。请仔细阅读下面例题，并试着独立完成写作。 来源:学优高考网【例题】如今，随着超市的普及，在超市购物已经成为很多人生活的重要组成部分。人们越来越习惯在超市购物。那么，你是否思考过：人们为什么喜欢在超市购物？请你思考这个问题，然后以此为话题，写一个80词左右的段落，谈谈你对这个话题的看法。【题目分析及写作过程】该段落写作是议论、观点类的写作，需要就“人们喜欢去超市购物”这个话题发表个人观点。首先，我们需要整理出我们对于这个话题的看法：(1)在超市购物很方便；(2)在超市购物比较省钱；(3)在超市购物比较节省时间；其次，分析以上三个原因：绝大多数人都会很容易想到前两个原因，而第三个原因相对比较新颖；来源:gkstk.Com第三，针对这三个原因的特点，我们可先将第三个原因写出，因为新颖的观点和内容会引起读者的兴趣和好感，让读者更乐意读下去；第四，按照“(3)(1)(2)”的顺序布局写作，注意各观点之间的衔接。来源:学优高考网【范文】 Today, more and more people like to go shopping in the supermarket. The most important reason is that the supermarket can save us a lot of time. In a supermarket, we can buy what we need quickly. Besides, it is very convenient to shop in a supermarket because we can buy many kinds of things there. Last but not least, shopping in a supermarket sometimes can save us some money. Some goods are sold at a lower price in the supermarkets than in some small shops.小练习人们应当时刻关注自己的健康问题，特别是在炎热的夏天。以下是一位中学生就“酷暑时关注健康”这一话题写的一些句子，但他对于如何组织这些句子感到有些迷茫。他希望能够用新颖的观点开篇以吸引读者。请你根据他的要求重新排列以下句子的正确顺序。来源:学优高考网gkstk Last but not least, drink some more water if you dont want to feel bad. So, go to bed early every night and have a rest as soon as you can. Also, it is important to avoid getting sunstroke(中暑) in summer. Besides, eating some food that can decrease internal(内部的) heat is a good way. Due to the high temperature, it is easy to feel tired. In summer, people need to pay special attention to health. 正确顺序为：_（参考答案见本期）来源:gkstk.Com参考答案练一练1. B 2. B小练习正确顺序为：