2014中考英语二轮复习非谓语动词名师导航1动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语 的用法。2动名词的用法。3现在分词和过去分词的用法。考点梳理考点一 动词不定式动词不定式的构成： to动词原形(有些动词不定式需要不带to)。它没有人称和数的变化；在句中不能作谓语，但能保持动词的特点。 1作主语常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。常用句型结构为“Itsadj./n.(for/of sb)to do sth.”如：To ask the teacher for help is necessary. It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.向老师求教是必要的。2作宾语(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词有： want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn，remember, forget, would like/love等。如：I hope _ there before dark. 我希望天黑以前到那儿。(2)在think, find, make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式移至形容词之后，构成“主语动词it(形式宾语)宾补(形容词/名词)不定式”结构。如：I found it difficult to solve the problem. 我发现解决这个问题很难。3作宾语补足语(1)后面能接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有： tell, ask, allow, want, help, wish, teach, warn, invite, like, encourage等。如：The teacher told us _ Exercise 1.老师要我们做练习一。(2)在使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see，hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是，当上述动词变为被动语态后，其后的不定式必须补上to。如：We often hear her sing. 我们经常听见她唱歌。被动语态： She is often heard to sing.她常被听见唱歌。4作状语不定式作状语，常见的有目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。Later he left home to work in different cities. 后来他离开家到不同的城市工作。5作定语(须后置)I dont have a partner to practice English with.我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。6作表语Their duty is _ _ the animals. 他们的职责是照看动物。7. “疑问词不定式”结构动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, when, where, how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。如：He doesnt know _. 他不知道要穿什么。(作宾语)Where to go has not been decided.要去哪里还未决定。(作主语)提醒 动词不定式的否定结构是： not to do sth。【即时训练】1.【2013黑龙江绥化】14. Remember _ off the lights when you leave the room, please. A. to turn B. turning C. turn2.【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】20. It takes me half an hour the piano every day. A. play B. playing C. to play3.【2013湖北随州】34. What did your teacher say this morning?She told us _ make faces in class.to not B. not to C. do not D. didnt4.【2013四川凉山】32.When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place .A. to live B. living in C. to live in5.【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】24. Im new here. Dont worry. Ill do what I can _ you. A. helpB. to helpC. inviteD. to invite6.【2013山东泰安】30. Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? _ abroad for further study. A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes 7.【2013山东青岛】15. Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car?Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you.A. how to stopB. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park8.【2013 甘肃白银】59. The little boy pretended _ when his mother came in. A. sleeping B. asleep C. to asleep D. to be asleep 9.【2013 甘肃白银】57. George was heard _ just now. What happened? People was telling a joke. A. to cry B. cry C. to laugh D. laugh10.【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】27. Animals are our close friends. We are supposed them. A. to protect B. protecting C. protect考点二 动名词1作主语(谓语动词用第三人称单数形式)Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。2作宾语常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有： enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, cant help, look forward to等。Have you finished _ the book?你读完这本书了吗？3作表语One of my duties is _ letters. 我的职责之一是打信件。4作定语There are two girls _ on the stage.有两个女孩在台上跳舞。提醒 (1)有些词既可接不定式又可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同，常见的有： stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 try to do sth 试图/企图做某事 try doing sth 尝试着做某事forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事(还没做)forget doing sth 忘记做过了某事(已做)(2)有些动词后需要跟动名词，而不能跟不定式形式。常见的有： consider, enjoy, excuse, face, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest 等。【即时训练】1.【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】23. The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand to the rich land in the south of China. A. move B. to move C. from moving2.【2013 湖南衡阳】25. Laura enjoys story books. Me, too. A. reading B. read C. to read3.【2013湖南娄底】26. Would you mind_ the window? Its very hot. No, not at all. A. open B. to open C. opening4.【2013湖南益阳】28.You look too tired. Why not_a rest?A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having5.【2013湖南益阳】35. He used to _in a small village, but now he has been used to _in a big city.A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living6.【2013四川广安】29 Im looking forward to _my parents soon. What about you? Me tooA. seeing B. see C. saw7.【2013四川内江】39. Our English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important”A. Learn B. Learning C. Learned D. To learning8.【2013湖南邵阳】25. What about a rest? Lets go for a walk.A. to take B. take C. taking9.【2013江苏无锡】9. Dont throw away the waste