句子类型【要点提示】英语句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。1. 简单句由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成，其五种基本句型分别为：“主语 + 不及物动词”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语”、“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”、“主语 + 双宾动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”。2. 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句（即分句）组成。常用的连词或副词有and, but, or, then, so等。3. 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。初中阶段要求掌握宾语从句和状语从句的简单用法。【考点分述】句子类型的考点主要集中在复合句上面，下面就初中阶段需要掌握的复合句的用法作一归纳。1. 宾语从句1）由that引导的宾语从句。有大量的动词可以接that引导的宾语从句，如advise, agree, believe, decide, find, hear, hope, insist, know, learn, mean, realize, say, see, show, suggest, tell, think, wish等。2）由连接代（副）词引导的宾语从句。这类连接代（副）词主要有what, who, which, where, why, how, whether, if等。3）直接引语变间接引语时常用到宾语从句。2. 状语从句1）时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, since, after, before, as soon as, till / until等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：I wont go out until my mother returns.2) 地点状语从句。地点状语从句通常由where，wherever等引导。3) 原因状语从句。原因状语从句通常由because,since, as等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：because 和 so 不能同时出现一个句子中。例如：Because she failed again, so she was unhappy. （）She failed again, so she was unhappy. （）4) 条件状语从句。条件状语从句通常由if, unless等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：If you will work hard, youll succeed. （）If you work hard, youll succeed. （）5) 目的状语从句。目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that等引导。6) 结果状语从句。结果状语从句通常由so, so .that, such . that等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在such . that引导的结果状语从句中，such 后接名词, 在so . that引导的结果状语从句中，so后接形容词或副词。当名词前有many, few, much, little等词时，通常用so，而不用such。例如：Eric was so good at Maths that he got the first place in the Maths contest.He gave me such good advice that I finished the task easily.Mike had so little money that he was unable to buy a mobile phone.7) 让步状语从句。让步状语从句通常由even though, even if, although, though等来引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在含有although或though引导的让步状语从句的复合句中，主句不能同时出现but。例如：Although / Though he is famous, but he is not happy. （）Although / Though he is famous, he is not happy. （）8) 方式状语从句。方式状语从句通常由as引导。9) 比较状语从句。比较状语从句通常由as / so .as，than等引导。【专项练习】. 请根据汉语句子意思，将下列句子译成英语。1. 她很早就到了。_2. 这种纸摸起来很柔软。_3. 你能把那本字典递给我吗？_ 4. 我停下来找那支钢笔，但没找到。_5. 上个月我们选了他当班长。_6. 我听见那个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌。_7. 他的女儿嫁给了一个工程师。_8. 湖里有许多鱼。_9. 这就是你想要的那本杂志。_10. 我认为他在八点前不会回来的。_. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. We wont get there on time _ we leave early tomorrow morning.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. because( )2. _they had finished their work, they went home.A. WhenB. While C. AfterD. Until( )3. The students cant answer the question, _ it is too hard.A. before B. although C. afterD. because( )4. He didnt go home _the rain stopped.A. whenB. afterC. sinceD. until( )5. Have you found your gloves?Yes, they were lying _ I often put my watch.A. whatB. which C. howD. where( )6. He wants to find a better job_ he canmake more money.A. as soon asB. so thatC. whereD. while( )7. You must take the medicine_ you get well.A. whileB. sinceC. tillD. so( )8. The old man helped lots of children with their schooling, _he was not rich enough.A. ifB. unlessC. sinceD. though( )9. Why dont you join the basketball club? _I am not interested in it.A. BecauseB. ForC. AsD. Since ( )10. _ he is rich, _there is something that he cant buy.Yes. Such as friendship and love.A. Because, 不填B. Though, 不填C. Because, soD. Though, but ( )11._he is old, he is healthy enough.A. If B. But C. As soon as D. Although( )12. _I thought the book was boring, the other students in my class liked it.A. SoB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. If( )13. You will make great progress_ you study very hard.A. ifB. unlessC. beforeD. until( )14. How long have you been collecting stamps? _I was ten years old.A. WhenB. SinceC. BeforeD. After( )15._ I didnt feel well yesterday, I asked for leave.A. Although B. ButC. Unless D. Because( )16. Where is my radio?You lent it to me _ you were in the classroom yesterday.A. whenB. where C. because D. before( )17. You should ask for your motherssuggestions _ you make your own decision.A. afterB. beforeC. untilD. as( )18. He met many difficulties _he waslooking for his first job.A. beforeB. as soon asC. whileD. until( )19. You can cross the street_ the traffic li