7A版优质实用文档TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen.strivingtomakeprofits,producethesegoodsandservicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen;andtheprofitmotive,operatingundercompetitivepressures,largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservicesareproduced.Thus,intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers,coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaGimizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaGimizetheirincomes,thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.Animportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandscanbeeGpressedandrespondedtobyproducers.IntheAmericaneconomy,thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem,aprocessinwhichpricesriseandfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersandsuppliesofferedbysellerproducers.Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetothedemand,thepricewillbebidupandsomeconsumerswillbeeliminatedfromthemarket.If,ontheotherhand,producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost,thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers.whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.Thus,priceistheregulatingmechanismintheAmericaneconomicsystem.Theimportantfactorinaprivate-enterpriseeconomyisthatindividualsareallowedtoownproductiveresources(privateproperty),andtheyarepermittedtohirelabor,gaincontrolovernaturalresources,andproducegoodsandservicesforsaleataprofit.IntheAmericaneconomy,theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights,includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.51.InLine7,Para.1,thedesireofindividualstomaGimizetheirincomesmeans_.AAmericansareneversatisfiedwiththeirincomesBAmericanstendtooverstatetheirincomesCAmericanswanttohavetheirincomesincreasedDAmericanswanttoincreasethepurchasingpoweroftheirincomes52.Thefirsttwosentencesinthesecondparagraphtellusthat_.AproducerscansatisfytheconsumersbymechanizedproductionBconsumerscaneGpresstheirdemandsthroughproducersCproducersdecidethepricesofproductsDsupplyanddemandregulateprices53.Accordingtothepassage,aprivate-enterpriseeconomyischaracterizedby_.AprivatepropertyandrightsconcernedBmanpowerandnaturalresourcescontrolCownershipofproductiveresourcesDfreecontractsandprices54.Thepassageismainlyabout_.AhowAmericangoodsareproducedBhowAmericanconsumersbuytheirgoodsChowAmericaneconomicsystemworksDhowAmericanbusinessmenmaketheirprofits答案：DDACOnehundredandthirteenmillionAmericanshaveatleastonebank-issuedcreditcard.Theytheirownersautomaticcreditinstores,restaurants,andhotels,athome,acrossthecountry,andevenabroad,andtheymakemanybankingservicesavailableaswell.Moreandmoreofthesecreditcardscanbereadautomatically,makingitpossibletowithdrawordepositmoneyinscatteredlocations,whetherornotthelocalbranchbankisopen.Formanyofusthecashlesssocietyisnotonthehorizon-itsalreadyhere.Whilecomputersoffertheseconveniencestoconsumers.theyhavemanyadvantagesforsellerstoo.Electroniccashregisterscandomuchmorethansimplyringupsales.Theycankeepawiderangeofrecords,includingwhosoldwhat,when,andtowhom.Thisinformationallowsbusinessmentokeeptrackoftheirlistofgoodsbyshowingwhichitemsarebeingsoldandhowfasttheyaremoving.Decisionstoreorderorreturngoodstosupplierscanthenbemade.Atthesametimethesecomputersrecordwhichhoursarebusiestandwhichemployeesarethemostefficient,allowingpersonnelandstaffingassignmentstobemadeaccordingly.Andtheyalsoidentifypreferredcustomersforpromotionalcampaigns.Computersarereliedonbymanufacturersforsimilarreasons.Computer-analyzedmarketingreportscanhelptodecidewhichproductstoemphasizenow,whichtodevelopforthefuture,andwhichtodrop.Computerskeeptrackofgoodsinstock,ofrawmaterialsonhand,andevenoftheproductionprocessitself.Numerousothercommericalenterprises,fromtheaterstomagazinepublishers,fromgasandelectricutilitiestomilkprocessors,bringbetterandmoreefficientservicestoconsumersthroughtheuseofcomputers.55.Accordingtothepassage,thecreditcardenablesitsownerto_.AwithdrawasmuchmoneyfromthebankashewishesBobtainmoreconvenientservicesthanotherpeopledoCenjoygreatertrustfromthestorekeeperDcashmoneywhereverhewishesto56.Fromthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphwelearnthat_.AinthefuturealltheAmericanswillusecreditcardsBcreditcardsaremainlyusedintheUnitedStatestodayCnowadaysmanyAmericansdonotpayincashDitisnowmoreconvenienttousecreditcardsthanbefore57.Thephraseringupsales(Line2,Para.2)mostprobablymeans_AmakeanorderofgoodsBrecordsalesonacashregisterCcallthesalesmanagerDkeeptrackofthegoodsinstock58.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?AApproachestothecommercialuseofcomput