Lecture 3 情景作文写作 （一）,描述图画段有四种写法，按四句话办 写法一 四句话，描述图画（必须在第二段第一句写出中心 思想） 写法二 三句描述图画，一句点出中心思想 写法三 一句点出中心思想，三句写出图画 写法四 第一句: 指出话题,说的是什么事情 第二句: 描写 图画 1 第三句: 描写图画 2 （如果是一张图，描写两句） 第四句: 点明中心思想,以2003年考研作文的第一段为例，我们采用第3种写法，可以写成： There is no doubt that the purpose of the pictures is to reveal us a common and serious problem in China: how to educate and cultivate the young. As is depicted in the first picture, the flower blooms in the greenhouse despite the storm outside. However, in the second picture, it fades away under the storm when put outside. Obviously, the flower cannot withstand wind and rain.,Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay ,you should first describe the drawing then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points),用同样的模式去写2005年的题,There is no doubt that the purpose of the drawing is to reveal us a common and serious problem in China: Who should support/take care of/care for the elderly? As is depicted in the cartoon, an old mans three sons and only daughter are having a football match. They all attempt to kick the football, their miserable father, into others goal while keeping their own. Obviously，the aged father has become something even his children are unwilling to accept.,阐释寓意段的写法,这一段的主要结构是寓意阐发，而后多是原因分析和后果分析。 第一句为寓意阐发句，肩负着承上启下，点明中心思想的重任。 接下来开始进行因果分析第二句：原因一 第三句：扩展 第四句：扩展 第五句：扩展 第六句：原因二 第七句：扩展 第八句：扩展 第九句：扩展 如果想到了两个原因和一个结果，大概进行下面的规划： 第二句：原因一 第三句：扩展 第四句：扩展 第五句：原因二 第 六句：扩展 第七句：扩展 第八句：结果 第九句：扩展,综合上面的分析，2003年作文寓意阐释段可以写成： Surely enough, the flower epitomizes the younger generation in China while the greenhouse is an excellent metaphor for parents excessive protection of their children. Admittedly, parents love their children by nature, and Chinese mothers and fathers are no exceptions. However, Chinese parents tend to dote on their children because each family is allowed to have only one child due to birth control. They pin so much hope on the much-treasured child that if he wants the star, they might even climb to pick it. Selfish and self-centered, the spoilt child depends on his parents for everything. As a result, once confronted with the harsh reality, he is more likely to yield to hardships and difficulties in life.,解决问题段,看一下2000年世界商业捕鱼简史的一篇19分作文（满分20分）的最后一段，或许给我们很多启发： Therefore，it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us. Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources. Also, I believe that we human beings can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a bright future.,首先注意举例的数量。 第二是例子的多样性、多侧面。 第三是一定要合适，切题。,举例段,以2001年考研作文的举例段为例 For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his life. Or when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish her schooling and change her life, you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.,发扬展望段 一般的结构是：表明正面态度进行好处列举展望美好未来。,试看2002年一篇18分范文的结尾段： As Chinese citizens, we should respect our own national culture and learn useful things from the cultures of different nations, which will enable us to make great progress in many ways. I believe a happy and bright future is awaiting us if we make every effort to promote cultural development both nationally and internationally.,此段写得稍嫌结构不清，试写如下： Personally，I embrace frequent well-intentioned cultural exchanges. Not only is such communication conducive to spreading the very essence of our Chinese culture worldwide, it also presents before us the flower of the alien cultures and thus compels us to reexamine the dregs of our culture in confrontation with the foreign ones. Therefore, I believe consistent efforts should be made to enhance international cultural chains. We look forward to the day when people all over the world can benefit from cultural contacts and enjoy a kaleidoscopic cultural life.,Writing Exercise （图画提纲式议论文） 1. Describe the picture 2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the picture 3. Suggest your counter - measures,