完形填空解题小技巧,湖南省桃源九中 葛骅梅,教学任务目标,一明确高考完型 1.考什么 2.怎么考 二探索高考完型怎么解（步骤） 三总结高考完型思路技巧 四运用实践： 总结步骤，套用思路技巧, 实战演练,完形填空IQ测试,某 1 学校一学生晚上翻围墙逃课，不想却被校长抓个正着。校长责问：“为什么不从校门走？”学生昂然答曰：“美特斯邦威，不走寻常路。”校长又问：“这么高的墙怎么翻出去啊？“他指了指身上衣服，答曰：“李宁，一切皆有可能。”校长再问：“翻墙是什么 2 ？” 他指了指鞋子说：“特步，飞一般的感觉。”然而接下来却发生了令校长 3 的事。 第二天，学生居然老老实实从校门口出去，校长问：“你怎么不翻墙了？”他说：“安踏，我选择，我喜欢。”第 4 天他穿着混混装入校，校长怒曰：“不能穿混混装上学！”他说：“穿什么就是什么，森马服饰。”校长无奈，说：“我要记你 5 过，还要罚你围着操场跑五圈！”“凭什么？”学生抗议道。校长狡猾一笑：“动感地带，我的地盘我做主。”,某 1 学校一学生晚上翻围墙逃课，不想却被校长抓个正着。校长责问：“为什么不从校门走？”学生昂然答曰：“美斯邦威，不走寻常路。校长又问：“这么高的墙怎么翻出去啊？“他指了指身上衣服，答曰：“李宁，一切皆有可能。”校长再问：“翻墙是什么 2 ？”他指了指鞋子说：“特步，飞一般的感觉。”然而接下来却发生了令校长 3 的事。第二天，学生居然老老实实从校门口出去，校长问：“你怎么不翻墙了？”他说：“安踏，我选择，我喜欢。”第 4 天他穿着混混装入校，校长怒曰：“不能穿混混装上学！”他说：“穿什么就是什么，森马服饰。”校长无奈，说“我要记你 5 过，还要罚你围着操场跑五圈！”“凭什么？”学生抗议道。校长狡猾一笑：“动感地带，我的地盘我做主。” 1. A. 服装 B. 音乐 C. 外语 D. 体育 2. A. 意思 B. 优点 C. 反应 D. 感觉 3. A. 不满 B. 不解 C. 不屑 D. 不愿 4. A. 三 B. 四 C. 五 D. 六 5. A. 强 B. 深 C. 大 D. 广,启示：完型怎么考？怎么解题？,全局（读第一句，把握主题） 局部（语篇，前暗示后重现，上下文联系） 细节（注重连贯，了解常识）,Step 1怎么考 选项命制 以语篇为载体，测试语言知识和语言能力。试题突出在语篇的基础上考查学生对短文的整体理解能力，同时兼顾对学生运用语法知识、词汇知识的能力以及对事物的逻辑推理、分析判断能力的考查。需要通过整篇文章的上下文来考虑答题的题数一般占70%以上， 以意义填空为主。试题在着重考查学生阅读理解能力的前提下，兼顾对语言知识、常识、逻辑推理能力的考查,Step 2 考什么：,1）设空以考查文意为主，信息词汇（或通常所说的“实词”名词、动词、形容词和副词等）比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势。 2）突出主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注重关联。 3）增加了考查连词的题，涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解，恰到好处。,4）注意结合文意考查对词语用法的掌握。主要涉及两个方面：词义辨析与惯用搭配。同义与近义词的比 较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义。（一词多义） 5）淡化对介词、冠词（下移到完型二）等词的考查，因此，所挖空白处，名词、动词一般占60%70%、形容词和副词约占2030%。,Step3 怎么解(解题步骤),1.细读首段首句 抓体裁，定中心，预测下文内容 中心内容：,2.浏览各段首句，找时间，地点，人物，事件经过及结果。定哲理。,时间： 地点： 人物： 事件经过： 结果： 揭示的哲理：,3.边浏览边试填 4.带着语篇，上下文的联系正式解题 （时刻牢记：上下求索，瞻前顾后，上看下看左看右看，寻找蛛丝马迹，一定有暗示）,The True Story of Treasure Island It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevensons imagination. 36 , recent research has found the true story of this exciting work. Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 37 for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a 38 . With him were his American wife Fanny and his son 39 . Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a long 40 over the hills. They had been 41 this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. Kept indoors the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days 42 . To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy to do some 43 . One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert 44 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of 45 . “Whats that?” he asked. “Thats the 46 treasure,” said the boy. Robert suddenly 47 something of an adventure story in the boys 48 .While the rain was pouring, Robert sat down by the fire to write a story. He would make the 49 a twelve-year-old boy, just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate (海盗)？ Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the 50 of a wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to 51 such a man in a story. 52 Long John Silver, the pirate with a wooden leg, was 53 . So, thanks to a 54 September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg, and the imagination of a twelve-year-old boy, we have one of the greatest 55 stories in the English language.,答案,36-40 ADCAC 41-45 DBCBD 46-50 BACBA 51-55 CDBAD 注意答案特点： 5个A 5个B 5个C 5个D（并非偶然),Step4总结解题思路技巧,1）根据第一句，掌握语篇中心解题 2）根据语篇线索解题 （重中之重，核心） a. 前暗示后重现（上下文的复现） b. 语篇词义 c. 语篇连贯,逻辑关系,Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 37 for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a 38 . With him were his American wife Fanny and his son 39 Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a long 40 over the hills. They had been 41 this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. Kept indoors the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days 42 . To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy to do some 43 . One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert 44 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of 45 .,One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert 44 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of 45 . “Whats that?” he asked. “Thats the 46 treasure,” said the boy. Robert suddenly 47 something of an adventure story in the boys 48 .While the rain was pouring, Robert sat down by the fire to write a story. He would make the 49 a twelve-year-old boy, just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate (海盗)？,Kept indoors the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days 42 . To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy to do some 43 . Robert suddenly 47 something of an adventure story in the boys 48 . So, thanks to a 54 September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg, and the imagination of a twelve-year-old boy, we have one of the greatest 55 stories in the English language.,总结解题思路,3）根据生活及文化常识解题 4）根据一词多义解题 5）根据长难句去掉法，还原法解题,Step4 总结解题思路 常用的解题思路技巧,1）根据固定搭配解题 2）根据语法知识解题 3) 根据词语辨析解题 4) 根据长难句中去掉法，还原法 解题,一词多义,See(09全国): 看见，意识到， 发现，考虑，预料,务必 Hero(09全国): 英雄，男主人公，偶像 Smooth(09全国): 光滑的，均匀的，流畅的