1 vt.测定；测量；评估 2 n位置 3 n数字 4 adj.拥挤的 5 n位置；所在地 6 n交通工具 7 n交换 8 n饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的 9 n贫穷poor adj.贫穷的,measure,position,figure,crowded,location,transport,exchange,hunger,poverty,10 n发展 v发展，开发developing adj.发展中的developed adj.发达的 11 vt.教育；培养；训练education n教育 12 adj.不幸的；遗憾的fortunate (反义词)幸运的fortune n财产 13 adj.工业的industry n工业 14 adj.受到污染的pollute vt.污染pollution n污染 15 n娱乐entertain v使娱乐,development,develop,educate,unfortunate,industrial,polluted,entertainment,measure n尺寸；大小；度量单位；措施；v.测量；考虑 (1)make.to ones measure按某人的尺寸订做 take measures (to do sth.)采取措施(干某事) (2)measure ones strength (with)(与)比力气 measure up to符合(期望)；达到(标准),The coat which is not made to your own measure is much too loose for you.这件没按照你的尺寸做的大衣你穿着太松了。 They took strong measures to stop the river from being polluted. 他们采取强硬的手段阻止小河被污染。 Its hard to measure the importance of good manners. 礼貌的重要性难以衡量。,There is no use measuring his words again and again. 反复琢磨他的话没有意义。 The job failed to measure up to her expectations. 这项工作没有满足她的期望。,position n地点，位置，所在地；姿势，姿态；地位；位次；立场，处境；职位 (1)in aposition处于的地位/处境 in/out of position在/不在适当的位置 be in a position to do sth.(因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事 (2)take up (ones) position就位 lose ones position失业,Youve put me in a very difficult position. 你使我的处境变得非常困难。 When I know all the facts，Ill be in a position to advise you. 在我了解所有的事实后，我就能给你提出建议了。 The chairs are all out of position.椅子全都放得不是地方。 It is said that she has lost her position.据说她失业了！,figure n数字；图形；人物；身材；v.计算；认为，以为 (1)the latest sales figure最新的销售数字 keep ones figure保持优美的身材 (2)figure that.认为 figure out想出，理解；弄明白，看透,She does exercise every morning to keep her figure. 她每天早上做运动以保持体型。 She is doing exercises to improve her figure. 她在做运动以改善体形。 He was not a political figure but a religious one. 他不是政治人物而是宗教人士。 I figured (that) you would arrive before noon. 我认为你会在中午前到达。 I cant figure out why she said so. 我无法理解她为什么这样说。,exchange v& n交换；调换；兑换；交易 (1)exchange A for B 以A换B exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物 exchange a word/words with sb.和某人交谈 (2)in exchange for作为交换 the exchange rate兑换率 make an exchange交换,He exchanged his old car for a new model as soon as he had won the money.他一赢了钱就把他的旧车换成了一辆新款式的车。 May I exchange seats with you？我和你调一下座位好吗？ Its a place where people can chat and exchange ideas. 这是一个人们可以交谈和交流思想的地方。 Ive offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a weeks holiday.我提出用粉刷厨房来交换一周的假期。,辨析：change与exchange,1(2008年湖北卷)The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to_its reality. Amake up Bfigure out Clook through Dput off 【解析】 句意为：现在的情况非常复杂，因此我想过些时间才能够弄清楚它的实际情况。make up编造；figure out弄清楚，弄明白；look through浏览，快速查看；put off推迟。由句意可知B项正确。 【答案】 B,2The soldiers have to stand for hours without changing_. Aposition Bstate Csituation Dlocation 【解析】 position在此表示“姿势，姿态”；state状态；situation形势；location(尤其与其他地区、建筑物相关的)地点、方位、位置。 【答案】 A,3A scientist is often_according to his achievements that he has made. Aregarded Bconsidered Ctaken Dmeasured 【解析】 句意为：衡量一位科学家经常按照他们所取得的成就。measure是“测量，衡量”的意思。 【答案】 D,4(2007年山东卷)I have offered to paint the house_a weeks accommodation. Ain exchange for Bwith regard to Cby means of Din place of 【解析】 该句意为“我主动油漆房子换取一星期的住宿”。 【答案】 A,1 达到；直到 2 取得进步 3 努力 4 减少到 5 以幅度增加 6 尤其是 7 与有联系；与有关 8 与相似,up_to,make_progress,make_an_effort,reduce.to,increase.by,in_particular,be_connected_with,be_similar_to,9 鼓励某人做某事 10 接近；靠近 11 在某人看来,encourage_sb.to_do_sth.,be_close_to,in_ones_opinion,make an effort努力；尽力 try ones best to do sth.努力做某事 spare no effort不遗余力 with effort努力 without effort 毫不费力,You should make greater efforts to study English. 你应该更加努力地学习英语。 We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。 He crawled and crawled with effort to save the boy in danger. 他艰难地爬啊，爬啊，为的是救出险境中的那个男孩。 He did it without effort.他毫不费力地做完那件事情。,up to直到；到为止 (2)be up to.打算做/正做(不好的事)；胜任 (3)It is up to sb.to do sth.是某人的责任；应由某人做 (4)Its up to you.由你做主。/取决于你,The threeyearold boy counted up to a hundred. 那个三岁男孩一直数到100。 Up to now，he hasnt finished his work. 直到现在，他还没有完成他的工作。 I see what youre up to.我知道你在动什么歪脑筋。 She is not up to the job.她不胜任那项工作。 Its up to him to decide it.那件事由他决定。,1The_you make，the_you will make. Amore efforts；more progress Bgreater progress；greater efforts Cmore efforts；more progresses Dmany more efforts；much progress,【解析】 句意为：你做出的努力越多，取得的进步就越大。“the比较级，the比较级”是一个句型，意为“越，越”。根据句意和结构可排除B项和D项。progress为不可数名词，故正确选项为A。 【答案】 A,2Shall we go to Beijing by plane or by train? _.Whatever you want to do is fine with me. AIt just depends BIts up to you CAll right DGlad to hear that 【解析】 交际用语。Its up to you.你来定吧。 【答案】 B,3If_，he promises that he will_in promoting public welfare. Aelected；spare no effort Belected；spare no efforts Celecting；spare effort Dbeing elected；spare any effort 【解析】 句意为：如果被选上，他承诺他会不遗余力地增加公共福利。整个句子的主语为he，和elect之间为被动关系，因