Section Grammar & Writing,写作专题突破,Unit 1,语法专题突破,Section ,语法专题突破,同位语从句 一、定义 同位语从句就是跟在某一名词后，进一步说明该名词具体内容的从句。 同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象名词的后面，用于解释或说明前面名词的内容。可带同位语从句的抽象名词有： news，answer，message，doubt，possibility，idea，reply，reason，belief，hope，promise，suggestion，question，certainty等。,二、连接词 可引导同位语从句的有从属连词that，whether；连接代词who，which，what；连接副词when，where，why，how等。 1连词that和whether引导的同位语从句。该类引导词只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分。 There is no doubt that prices of cars will go down. 毫无疑问，轿车的价格会下降。,2连接代词和连接副词引导的同位语从句。该类引导词在从句中作相应的成分。 Next comes the question what you want to put in the box. 其次就是这个问题：你想在盒子里放些什么。 Nobody can explain the mystery why he suddenly disappeared. 没人能解开为什么他突然消失了这个谜。,三、学习同位语从句应注意的要点 1表达“是否”的概念时，要用whether而不用 if引导同位语从句。 I have no idea whether you are interested in working for her. 我不知道你是否有兴趣为她工作。 2分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其先行词被其他成分隔开，这种分隔主要出于修辞原因，即为了保持句子结构平衡。,His promise was along with the letter that he would visit me this coming Christmas. 信中他承诺在即将到来的圣诞节他会来拜访我。 3在某些抽象名词后的同位语从句中，其谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式，即(should)动词原形。常见的这类名词有：advice，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，request，requirement，decision，recommendation等。 The suggestion that a new bridge (should) be built was accepted. 修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了。,4名词doubt(怀疑)后的同位语从句用whether引导；no doubt(不怀疑)之后的同位语从句用that引导。 We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time. 我们怀疑他们能否按时完成任务。 There is no doubt that he will keep his promise. 他将遵守他的诺言，这一点是毫无疑问的。,四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1同位语从句属于名词性从句，它对先行词作进一步的解释或补充说明；而定语从句则属于形容词性从句，它对先行词起修饰或限制的作用。 The foreigner expressed the hope that he would come to China again.(同位语从句) Ill remember the hope that the foreigner expressed to me.(定语从句),2同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词；而定语从句的先行词无此限制。 The possibility that socialists clone a man may come true.(同位语从句) This is the horse that the scientist cloned.(定语从句) 3引导同位语从句的that只起连接作用，往往没有任何意思，在句中也不作成分，通常不被省略；而that引导定语从句时为关系代词，它除了起连接作用外，在从句中还充当某一成分(如主语、宾语等)，作宾语时可以省略。,He made a promise that if anyone set him free he would make him very rich.(同位语从句) I still remember the promise (that) he made.(定语从句) 4当when，why，where和how等引导同位语从句时，它们为连接副词，虽然在句中充当句子成分，但前面没有与其意义相当的先行词；而在定语从句中它们为关系副词，在其前面分别有表示时间、原因、地点或方式意义的名词作先行词。 Then arose the question where we were to get so many chairs needed.(同位语从句) Thats the reason why he didnt come to the meeting.(定语从句),.完成句子 1(2011年高考天津卷改编) Modern science has given clear evidence _ (吸烟能导致很多疾病) 答案：that smoking can lead to many diseases,2(2011年高考辽宁卷改编)When the news came _(战争爆发了)，he decided to serve in the army. 答案：that the war broke out 3There is much chance _(比尔很有可能从伤病中恢复过来，及时参加比赛) 答案：that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race,4A warm thought suddenly came to me _ (我可以用我的零花钱给妈妈买些鲜花作为生日礼物) 答案：that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday 5Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _ (他不得不去机场接他的叔叔) 答案：was that he had to meet his uncle at the airport,6Dorissuccess lies in the fact _(她善于合作以及渴望从别人那里学到东西) 答案：that she is cooperative and eager to learn from others 7(2011年莆田高一检测改编)The question came up at the meeting _(我们是否有足够的钱) to do it. 答案：whether we had enough money,8(2011年盐城高一检测改编)Dandy left word with my secretary _(他下午将会再次打电话的) 答案：that he would call again in the afternoon 9(2011年南京高一检测改编)Do you have any idea _(教室里正在上什么课) ? 答案：what is actually going on in the classroom,10I have the same opinion as you _ (应保护一个人的生活隐私) 答案：that the privacy of ones life should be kept secret 11People have the belief _ (我们能够除去这种致命的疾病) 答案：that we can manage to get rid of the deadly disease,12We got the news that_ (无论谁有音乐才能都将上这节课) 答案：whoever has a gift for music will attend the class 13They have some doubt _(我们能否爬上这座高山) 答案：whether we can climb the high mountain,14The fact that a new kind of virus threats peoples life _(使人们很担心) 答案：worries people much 15They expressed their wish _.(他们能够买一座大房子并定居下来) 答案：that they could buy a big house and settle down,.选词填空 that，what，when，how，whether，why，which，whose 1He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. 2I have no idea _ the project will be finished. 3The thought occurred to him _ he left his notebook in the reading room.,4The reason _ he did it was not clear. 5The problem _ city we are going to，Qingdao or Dalian is not decided. 6The teacher had no idea _ was going on in the classroom. 7No one has any idea _ bag the red one is. 8I have no impression _ he went home，perhaps by bike. 答案：1.whether 2.when 3.that 4.why 5.which 6.what 7.whose 8.how,写作专题突破,突破话题Canada,【写作内容】 请根据下面表格内容，用英语写一篇短文，介绍加拿大的有关情况。,参考词汇：尼亚加拉大瀑布the Niagara Falls；圣劳伦斯河the S