1译者按：为了加强我院对（境）外宣传工作，规范和统一外宣用语的英文翻译，国际合作局在征求相关厅局意见的基础上，收集、整理了以下常用关键术语，并提供了其参考翻译。需要说明的是：在绝大多数情况下，中文和英文术语之间并不是一一对应的关系，因此没有唯一正确的标准翻译。最好的策略是根据具体的语境确定恰当的翻译。欢迎您提出宝贵的意见和建议，以便我们进一步完善该项工作（反馈意见箱：szzhangcashq.ac.cn）。中国科学院外宣常用语翻译参考Glossary of CAS (for reference only)一、理念与战略 Vision & Strategy1. 两个面向 1 Addressing the strategic needs of the nation, while working at the frontiers of science & technology2. 战略制高点Strategic commanding height3. 同质化竞争Homogenization-induced competition4. 核心竞争力Core competitive competences5. 国际化战略International strategyInternationalization strategyInternational development strategy6. 创新型国家An innovative nationAn innovation-driven economy7. 创新驱动发展Innovation-driven development1 面向国家战略需求，面向世界科技前沿28. 国家创新体系National innovation system9. “三性贡献” 2 Important innovative contributions of fundamental, strategic and forward-looking nature10. “三位一体” 3The “3-in-1”portfolio of CAS: cutting-edge research, strategic consultation and higher education, backed by its research institutes, academic divisions and educational institutions11. “三个着力突破” 4Three major R&D breakthroughs CAS is committed to make: in the addressing of frontier science and cutting-edge technologies leading to technological revolution, industrial structure adjustment and strategic emerging industries; in the addressing of major science and technologies for the good and benefits of the public, such as improving the health and general wellbeing of the people, protecting our ecosystem and the environment, etc.; and in the addressing of strategic high technologies safeguarding national & public security and enhancing Chinas international competitiveness.12. “一三五”发展规划 5“One-Three-Five” Strategic Planning, an agenda to strengthen the core competitive competences of CAS institutes: focusing on one clearly-defined development strategy, three major goals/ breakthroughs and around five top priorities, which should be built on the traditional strengths and comparative advantages of the institute and adapt to the new trends of scientific development.13. “三个基地、四个一流” 6By 2020, CAS will build itself into a base of scientific research at 2 基础性、战略性、前瞻性的重大创新贡献3 研究所、学部、教育机构“三位一体”的发展架构， “出成果、出人才、出思想”三位一体的战略使命4 即着力突破带动技术革命、促进产业结构调整和战略性新兴产业发展的前沿科学问题和关键核心技术；着力突破提高人民健康水平、保障改善民生以及生态和环境保护等重大公益性科技问题；着力突破增强国际竞争力、维护国家和公共安全的战略高技术问题。5 “一个定位、三个重大突破、五个重点培育方向”的战略规划。重大突破主要包括六类：解决重大科学问题，开辟新方向，突破关键核心技术，形成系统解决方案，形成重大社会经济效益，提出有重大影响咨询建议。重点培育方向主要包括两类：老树新芽型、有望形成新方向。6 系指到二二年，把中国科学院建设成为具有国际先进水平的科学研究基地、培养造就高级科技人才的基地、促进中国高技术产业发展的基地，成为具有“一流的成果、一流的效益、一流的管理、一流的人才” 的中科院3advanced international standards, a base for training high-caliber scientific talents, and a base for incubating high-tech industries in China; and build itself into an academy of highly productive performances, high-impact benefits, high-class management and high-caliber talent.14. “创新2020”跨越发展体系Innovation 2020 , a leap development framework of CAS15. “民主办院、开放兴院、人才强院”战略Democratic Management, Open Innovation and Talent-based Development Strategy: to manage CAS in a democratic approach, to build up CAS by opening to the outside world, and to develop CAS based on innovative talent16. 国家队、火车头、先行者、思想库、大学校(the multiple roles of CAS as) a “national team” representing China in the international science community, an “engine” driving the nation toward an innovative society, a “pioneer” leading the reform of Chinas R&D system, a “think-tank” providing science-based advice to the Government on major development issues, and a “super university” training next-generation of scientists, engineers and innovators17. 发挥中国科学院“三位一体 ”的建制化优势Putting into play the advantages of CAS as a “3 in 1”integrated system consisting of research institutes, academic divisions and educational institutions18. 发挥国家科研机构骨干引领和示范带动作用Putting into play the pilot role of a national research institution leading the nation in cutting-edge research and innovation二、科学与创新 Science & Innovation19. 前沿科学Frontier science(s)20. 交叉科学Interdisciplinary science(s)21. 原始创新Original innovation22. 集成创新4Integral innovation23. 自主创新Indigenous innovation 24. 管理创新Managerial innovation25. 变革性创新Transformative innovation26. 大科学计划Major/mega/big science initiative/programme27. 大科学装置Major/mega/big science facilities28. 大科学工程Major/mega/big science project29. 战略高技术Strategic high technologies30. 关键核心技术Key/kernel/critical/crucial/core technologies31. 战略新兴产业Strategic emerging industry32. 战略性先导科技专项 7Strategic Priority Research ProgrammeStrategic Leading Science & Technology ProgrammeStrategic Pioneer Research & Development Programme33. “一三五”专家诊断评估Diagnostic review and assessment by a panel of experts in compliance with the CAS “One-Three-Five” Strategic Planning principles34. 重大产出导向的评价体系A major output-oriented review system 35. 研究所关键指标年度监测Annual monitoring of key indicators for institutes36. 产业关键核心共性技术创新7 战略性先导科技专项是中国科学院在中国至2050年科技发展路线图战略研究基础上，瞄准事关我国全局和长远发展的重大科技问题提出的，集科技攻关、队伍和平台建设于一体,能够形成重大创新突破和集群优势的战略行动计划。是“创新2020”的重要组成部分，分为前瞻战略科技专项(A类)和基础与交叉前沿方向布局(B类)两类。5Innovation of industry-wide key