非谓语动词 （考点）一网打尽,to do doingdone,（一） 不定式,I. 基本形式：,to do to be doing to be done to have done to have been done to have been doing,II. 句法功能：,To see is to believe. We should learn to communicate . Parents often encourage us to be more confident and optimistic. You are not a man to be defeated by a single failure. We come to school to be educated.,主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、 状语等。,1. 作主语,(1) Smoking is not allowed on campus. (2). _ like this is dangerous to your health. A. To smoke B. Smoking C. Smoke D. To have smoked (3) Its necessary for you to give up smoking,（表习惯、爱好、或抽象的动作、经常做的事情）,（表具体的、一次性动作、要做的事情）,easy/difficult/important/convenient/essential,2. 作表语,(1) Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen,(2) The first thing we did in London was _to London Tower Bridge. A. to go B. going C. go D. to have gone All I can do is not give you fish but teach you how to fish.,(3) Traffic rules are to be observed.,（必须）,如果主语部分出现了do，则此时to可省略,（表“将来”）,3. 作宾语(动宾和介宾）,(1) appreciate, avoid, dislike, enjoy, escape, deny, consider, mind, finish, permit, imagine, risk, prevent, suggest,(2) ask, attempt, afford, agree, choose, expect, determine, manage, pretend, plan, decide, want, intend, refuse, would like to,(3) begin, start, continue, hate, like, love, prefer,(4) remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, go on,(5) need, want, require, deserve,(6) We have no choice but/except to wait; We did nothing but watch TV.,(7) Isnt it time you got down to_ the papers? A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking,4. 作宾语补足语,I noticed the man swim across the river. I noticed him swimming across the river.,Who would you like to have _(repair) the TV set?,Id love them _a further discussion on the topic. A. have B. having C. to have D. had,Because of the war, they were made to leave their hometown.,（表示“全过程、完成”）,（表示“进行中、未完成”）,repair,The war made them leave their hometown.,5. 作定语,(1) She usually has a lot of meetings _. A. to attend B. for attending C. to be attended D. for being attended,(2) There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing In these days of inflation and luxury living, one income per family is simply not enough _. A. to live B. to live on C. for living D. for living on,被修饰的部分含有last, the best, the only ，the next则 多用不定式做定语,(3) Who was the first _(leave) the office yesterday?,不定式后面带有介词,to leave,6. 作状语,(1) In order to get up on time, the alarm was set for 6 in the morning. In order to get up on time, she set the alarm for 6 in the morning.,() (),(2) We hurried to the house agency _ that all the rooms in the apartment building had been sold out. A. only to be told B. just to be told C. only being told D. to have been told Ruth wouldnt be so careless_ the room door. A. to forget locking B. to forget to lock C. as to forget to lock D. as forgetting locking,注：不定式（非谓语）的逻辑主语和主句的主语一致。,注：不定式作结果状语多用于tooto, soas to, enough to等结构中。,(3) To be true, I dont want to go.,不定式to begin with, to tell the truth, to be frank, to be exact, to make the matter worse 作评价性状语，置于句首。,(1) He _the new director of the hospital, but he fell ill. A. was to have been B. was to be C. had been D. was being (2) I _, but I forgot. A. meant to have telephoned B. meant telephoning C. had meant to be telephoning D. had meant telephoning (3) I wish Id been there. - I would like _ Harrys face when Nan walked in. A. to see B. seeing C. to have seen D. having seen,1. 虚拟语气中的不定式,III. 不定式的特殊情况:,(1) -Could I go home now, Mr. Jackson? -No, I still have some materials_. A. to be typed B. to type C. for typing D. typed (2) With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled (3) I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame,2. 不定式中用主动代替被动语态的情况,(1) The actors and actress were allowed only 15 minutes_ their costumes. A. in which to change B. which to change C. in which they change D. when changing (2) The chairman made a conclusion _ the meeting. A. with which to end B. which to end C. in which to end D. with which for ending (3) The man looked back from time to time, as if _ who was following him. A. seeing B. saw C. to see D. to be seeing (4) For a student of 15 _ in charge of a grocery is really a hard job. A. to leave B. to be left C. leaving D. to have left,3. 不定式与从句的转换,1. - Cathy, why not call a taxi? Dont be late. - Ill try_. A. not B. no being done C. not to D. dont be 2. - Is she an actress? - No, but s