,第31课 非谓语动词,真题体验,( )1. My pen pal Andrew found it difficult _ Chinese well. (2012滨州) A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned,C,真题体验,( )2. Mr. Li asks the students _ in the river, because its too dangerous. (2012重庆) A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swim,B,真题体验,( )3. Mom makes me eat an apple every day _ thedoctor away. (2012杭州) A. keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept,C,真题体验,( )4. Jeremy Lin _ an unknown basketball player in New York Knicks for quite a long time. (2012连云港) A. used to be B. used to being C. is used to be D. was used to be,A,真题体验,( )5. China plans to let tourist _ the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea this year. (2012临沂) A. visit B. visits C. visiting D. visited,A,考点解读,中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有： 1. 动名词和动词不定式作主语； 2. 动名词和动词不定式作主语宾语； 3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语； 4. 动词不定式作目的状语； 5. 固定短语搭配。 动词不定式的基本形式是“to动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。 动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。,考点解读,动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。,考向聚焦,热点考向一 动词不定式作主语,1. 作主语的动词不定式常用it替代，动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。Itbeadj.(for/of sb.)(not) to do 做某事怎么样。在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，用of。如： Its easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo.在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。 It is dangerous for children to swim alone. 对孩子来说，独自游泳是危险的。 It is kind of you to help me mend the computer. 帮我修电脑，你真好！,考向聚焦,【例1】 It is very important for us _ English well. (2011宜宾) A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 解析：Itbeadj.for sb.to do 对某人来说， 做某事怎么样。,C,考向聚焦,热点考向二 动词不定式作宾语、表语和宾语补足语,1. 作宾语。 动词to动词原形。常见的这类动词有：would like, want, love, need, try, ask, learn, begin, start, forget, remember, agree, fail, allow, decide, afford, wish, hope, plan, hate, choose, expect等。如： Indians like to eat hot food.印度人喜欢吃辣味食品。 有的动词不定式在作带有补足语的宾语时，前面往往带有形式宾语it。如： Do you think it necessary for us to learn to wait？你认为学会等待对我们来说有必要吗？,考向聚焦,注：一些不带to的动词不定式有：why not do., had better(not) do., would rather do, could/would/will you please(not) do.等。如： Youd better finish the work before Monday. 你最好星期一前完成工作。 2. 作表语。 如：It seems to be an interesting book.它看起来是本有趣的书。 3. 作宾语补足语。不定式作宾补与宾语逻辑上有主谓关系。常跟动词不定式作宾补的谓语动词有：tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage等。如： He told me not to bring you anything.他叫我不要给你带任何东西。,考向聚焦,Who taught you to play the music？谁教你弹这支曲子的？ 注：还有一些使役动词和感官动词后也接不定式作宾补，但不定式要省略to。这些动词有：hear, let, make, have, see, watch, notice等。但这些动词变为被动语态时，须加to。如： I saw the man go into the shop. 我看见这个男人进入这家店。 The man was seen to go into the shop. 这男人被看见进入这家店。,考向聚焦,【例2】 Drivers shouldnt be allowed _ after drinking, or they will break the law. (2012咸宁) A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. to be driven 解析：be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事。,C,考向聚焦,【例3】 Look! Some of our classmates are flying kites over there. Lets _ them. (2012来宾) A. join B. to join C. joins D. joined 解析：let sb. do让某人做某事。,A,考向聚焦,【例4】 Our teacher told us _ carefully in class. (2012桂林) A. listen B. to listen C. listened D. listens 解析：tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某事做某事。,B,考向聚焦,热点考向三 动词不定式作定语和状语,1. 作定语。 动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 如：In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to do.在梦里我总是做一些艰苦的工作。 2. 作状语。 (1)表示目的。 如：In his third year，he left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft.在三年级时，他为了去微软公司 工作而离开了哈佛大学。,考向聚焦,(2)表示结果。 动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与副词too或enough连用。 如：Its too heavy to carry.太重了，搬不动。 3. 和某些形容词连用。 和动词不定式经常连用的形容词有sure, ready, happy, sorry, afraid等。 如：Im sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打扰你了。 4. 和疑问词who, what, when, where, which, how构成不定式短语作宾语。 如：I dont know how to use a computer.我不知道怎样使用计算机。,考向聚焦,【例5】 _ English well, one must have a lot of practice. (2012聊城) A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak 解析：句意：为了学好英语，必须有大量的练习。 动词不定式作目的状语。,B,考向聚焦,【例6】 Whenever you have a chance _ English, you should take it. (2011河北) A. speak B. to speak C. spoke D. speaks 解析：a chance to speak English 一个说英语的 机会。动词不定式做定语。,B,考向聚焦,热点考向四 动名词作主语和宾语,1. 作主语。谓语动词为单数。如：Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对你的健康有害处。 2. 作宾语。如：More and people like shopping on the Internet. 越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。 注：初中阶段常跟动名词的动词：like喜欢；enjoy喜欢；finish完成；keep保持；mind介意；spend花费；practice练习；stop停止；suggest建议；consider考虑；be worth值得等。,考向聚焦,【例7】 Im looking forward to _ (meet) my old friend, Jim, this Sunday. (2012宿迁),meeting,【例8】 I think his idea is worth _ (consider) (2012徐州),considering,领悟语法,. 单项选择 ( )1. _ energy, turn off the hot water after you take a shower. (2012包头) A. Save B. Saving C. Saved D. To save 解析：考查动词不定式。动词不定式做目的状语。故选D。,D,领悟语法,( )2. _ a volunteer is great. I think so. Some of us want _