英语语法复习之状语,德阳市旌阳区新中学校 赵勇,英语中的状语,状语可以由以下成分表示 副词作状语 He hardly plays golf. They are playing happily. 介词短语作状语 He got up at six. All the boys are in the room. 不定式(短语)作状语 I went there to see my grandfather. 分词(短语)作状语 Being a poor teacher, he cant afford a car. 形容词作状语 All the people laughed, friendly and happy. 词组作状语 I shall stay another three months. 从句作状语 By the time I got there, the bus had already left. 状语从句 状语专练,状语从句,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句&结果状语从句 条件状语从句&方式状语从句 比较状语从句&让步状语从句,BACK,时间状语从句,通常由从属连词when, whenever, as, while, before, after, till, until, as soon as, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, since, once等引导 when, while, as When Mother was cooking dinner, I was watching TV.(持续) I was doing my homework when the telephone rang.(短暂) He took a bath while I was playing games.(持续) He sang songs as he was taking a bath.(他一边唱歌一边洗澡) hardlywhen, no soonerthan= as soon as We had hardly begun when we were told to stop. I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. as soon as, until We will not begin until everyone arrives. I will let you know as soon as he gets to Beijng. once, since I have taught English since I came here.,BACK,地点状语从句,通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主语前，也可以位于主语后 I found the book where I left them. Wherever you go, I will go with you. 地点状语从句放在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味 Where there is a will, there is a way. Wherever theres plenty of rain and sunshine, the fields are green. where引导地点状语从句和定语从句的区别 Go back where you come from.(状语从句) Go back to the villager where you came from.(定语从句),BACK,原因状语从句,通常由because, since, as引导，其中because语气最强，since稍弱，as最弱 He took off his hat because he felt hot. Because it was wet, I didnt go our for a walk. 在强调句中，引导从句只能用because，不能用since或as It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us. Since和as引导的原因状语从句，其原因或理由在说话人看来已经明显，或以为听话人熟悉，不须强调，as表示的语气最弱，常用于日常谈话 As/Since he was not at home, I spoke to his brother. Since he cant answer the queation, youd better ask someone else.,BACK,目的状语从句&结果状语从句,目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that, so等词引导，从句中通常含有may/might, can/could, will, should等情态动词，通常主句在前，从句在后，主句和从句之间没有逗号 The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can understand well. She has bought the book in order that she can follow the TV lessons. 结果状语从句通常由so that, sothat, suchthat引导 He had overslept, so that he was late for work. The rain was so heavy that we had to stay at home the whole day. She is such a clever girl that she always comes top in exams.= She is so clever a girl that she always comes top in exams. 区别由so that引导的目的状语从句和结果状语从句 She hurried, so that she she caught the bus.( ) She got up early so that she could catch the first bus.( ),BACK,结果,目的,条件状语从句&方式状语从句,条件状语从句通常由if, unless, as long as(只要), in case(结果，万一), on condition that(如果，在条件下)等连词引导 We will have a picnic in the park if it is fine this Sunday. I wont go with you unless you tell me the truth. if only常表示愿望或一未实现的条件，尤用于感叹句，表示“但愿，要是就好了” If only he arrives in time.他要是及时赶到就好了 方式状语从句通常由as, as if, as though引导 You must do the exercises as I show you. It looks as if its going to rain. as if, as though引导的状语从句，多描述非现实情况，应用虚拟语气 He walked as if/though he had hurt his leg.,BACK,比较状语从句&让步状语从句,比较状语从句通常由asas, not as(so)as, than引导 His book is as new as mine. He is not as(so) tall as his brother is. 让步状语从句通常由though, although, even if, even though, as, whether, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who(what, which, when, where, how)等引导 引导让步状语从句的although, though同义，用法基本相同，前者较正式，置于句首；后者较通俗，口语化 She went there though/although it was raining. Although its hard, Ill as引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语，语序要倒装，语气强 Child as he is(Although he is a child), he knows a lot. even if, even though有退一步设想的意味“即使，纵然”，多书面 Ill do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. whether引导让步状语从句，提供两个或以上的选择 Whether he drives or (whether he) takes the train, he will be there on time.,BACK,状语专练,1. What a _ rain! Yes, its raining _. A. heavy, heavy B. heavily, heavily C. heavy, heavily D. heavily, heavy 2. I went to Deyang city _ my uncle last Sunday. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visited 3. Jim was playing video games _ someone knocked at the door yesterday. A. when B. while C. as D. where 4. Lucy didnt go to bed _ her parents came back home. A. till B. until C. when D. after 5. The meeting wont begin until everyone _ tomorrow. A. arrive B. arrives C. will arrive D. arriving 6. I have taught English here _ ten years ago. A. for B. since C. in D. at,C,B,A,B,B,B,7. He worked _ hard _ he always got good grades. A. so, that B. such, that C. too, to D. to, too 8. That is _ a difficult problem _ no one can answer it. A. so, that B. such, that C. too, to D. to, too 9. The old man is _ old _ keep walking. A. so, that B. such, that C. too, to D. to, too 10. He _ tell you the truth if you dont trust him. A. doesnt B. cant C. wont D. didnt 11. You cant catch the early bus _ you get up right away. A. if B. unless C. when D. though 12. _ English is a little hard, we should try our best to learn it well