Men and Animals,LOGO,Part 1,Part 1,Part 1,Word Association,Directions:Work in groups.Try to list as many animals as possible and write them on the chalkboard.,ant, antelope, bear, beaver, bee, bird, bull, butterfly, camel, cat, chicken, cod, cow, crab, crocodile, cuttlefish, deer, dog, dolphin, donkey, dragonfly, duck, eagle, eel, elephant, fish, fly, fox, frog, goat, goose, giraffe, hippo, horse, lion, lizard, mandarin duck, monkey, mosquito, mouse, mule, ostrich, owl, panda, parrot, peacock, paenuim, pig, pigeon, pony, rabbit, rat, rhino, salmon, scorpion, sea, lion, shark, sheep, shrimp, skunk, snail, snake, spider, squirrel, swallow, tiger, tortoise, turkey, turtle, weasel, whale, worm, zebra,Test Your Animal Knowledge,Text book P241-242,Part 2,Part 2,Words &Phrases,Pre-Reading,Sentences-Studying,In-class Reading,Pre-reading Questions,Directions: Work in groups and answer the following questions.,Pre-reading Questions,Are you frightened of dogs? If so, Why? When are animals aggressive? When do people become aggressive?,Pre-reading Questions,Sample,Yes. Im terrified of them because I feel they can easily become fierce and nasty. They attack and bite people. They also carry diseases. -when they are threatened; -when they are attacked or hurt -when they want to protect their young When they are put in certain situations: - in war -in self-defense -when tjey are extremely angry -when they lack space and freedom.,Sentences-Studying,Normally one animal will only kill another for food, and rarely does an animal kill a member of its own species. (Line 6) 2. Only if hostility and aggression can be expressed in constructive activity and non-violent competition, will the human race be able to survive. (Line 61),Sentence Study,【例句】 Beijing has reiterated that under no circumstances will China use nuclear weapons first.,以上两句都是部分倒装（助动词提前，实义动词仍在主语之后）的句子。,2. It is not surprising if in these conditions people behave aggressively towards each other. (Line 31),Sentence Study,【句型】It is not surprising if sth. happens 如果发生了什么事，人们不会感到吃惊。 【例句】 (1) It is not surprising in Japan if a woman quits her job permanently after having a child.,Sentence Study,3. A tiger that once came out of the jungle into a village and attacked a man was later found to have an injured paw that had evidently prevented it from hunting its usual prey. (Line 10) 【句型】此句中两个 that 从句都是定语从句。本文作者多用主从复合句来表达事物内部错综复杂的逻辑关系，体现了文章逻辑思维缜密的特点。 【译文】有一只老虎从丛林跑到村庄来，袭击了人。人们后来发现原来它的爪子受了伤，使它显然不能像平时那样去猎食。,4. Nevertheless, should a fight follow, neither creature will be badly hurt, for the loser will save himself by making a gesture of submission.(line5),if a fight should follow,Had/were/should + subject +verb+,Had I not helped him (=if I had not helped him), he would have failed in business. Were she my daughter (= if she were my daughter), I could suggest a different plan. Should you need any help (=if you need any help) , you can always phone me at the office,5.In fact, it is growing more and more difficult for people to assert themselves as individuals, as towns, nations and organizations become steadily bigger, with authority increasingly centralized and remote. (line 40),“authority” is increasingly remote because in the case of enormous cities or vast organizations, people in power are not only far away geographically, but also surrounded by thousands of bureaucrats (官员).As a result, they are much more inaccessible (无法接近的).,实际上，人类作为个体要想坚持自己的权利和主张已经越来越困难了，因为城镇、国家以及组织机构变得越来越庞大，而权力则变得越发集中，越发遥远了。,6.Unable in these conditions to channel their aggression into creative work, people will probably express it through resentment and anger.(line 47),Translation,“channel into” means “to direct something into a particular place or situation,在这样的条件下，人们无法将自己争强好斗的特性发挥在创造性的工作上，很可能就表现出怨恨、愤怒等情绪。,Words & Phrases,aggressive adj.,1. (of people or animals) apt or ready to attack; offensive; quarrelsome （指人或动物）好斗的，挑衅性的，好争吵的,Our military response to the aggressive act was limited but sufficient to show our determination.,Word Study,2. very determined to succeed or get what one wants 有进取心的，有冲劲的,一个积极进取的年轻人在这个公司是会大有作为的。,An aggressive young man can go far in this company.,adv. aggressively 好斗地；挑衅性地；好争吵地 n. aggression 侵略；敌对的情绪或行为；攻击 行动 aggressiveness 敌对情绪 n. aggressor (正式；贬义) 侵略者,请了解以下常见表达。,an aggression upon ones right,侵害某人的权利,commit aggression against,对进行侵略,air aggression,侵犯领空; 空中侵袭,commercial / cultural / economic aggression,商业/文化/经济侵略,an aggression on sb.s personal liberty,对某人人身自由的侵犯,territory (n.) (Line 3, Para. 1) 1) C; U land ruled by one government 领土；版图 2) area regarded by a person, animal as belonging to it alone 地盘；领地 3) area of knowledge or activity (知识或活动的)范围，领域,请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,他的研究兴趣甚广。 His scientific interests _.,他们解放了被占领土。 They liberated _.,the occupied territories,cover a wide territory,inhabitant n. a person or animal that lives in a particular place 居民，住户,1) The inhabitants of the island we