Unit 11,一词多义,一词多义,同一个词，由于语境的不同，其词义可千差万别。试看下面几个例子： 1) He got all the credit for the discovery. 2) The ledger shows 300 pounds on the debit side and 50 pounds on the credit side. 3) The availability of cheap long term credit would help small businesses. 4) They sold grain on credit during time of famine. 5) How much do I have to my credit? 6) They cannot obtain credit at all in the trade. 7) They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London. 以上七个句子都包含有“credit”这个词，但每个句子中的“credit”，其词义都有所区别： 1）他由于这项发现而获得各种荣誉。 2）从分类帐上可以看出，发生金额借方300英镑，贷方50英镑。 3）低息长期贷款可以扶持小型企业。 4）饥荒季节，他们则赊销粮食。 5）我们的银行户头上还有多少存款？ 6）他们的生意信誉已荡然无存。 7）他们已从伦敦中国银行开立了有关的信用证。,再看几个汉译英的例子： 1）价廉物美 2）我们不销售廉价质次的货物。 3）我们已按很低的价格向你们报盘。 4）你们将会看出我们这批货物的价格是很便宜的。 5）请报体温表最低价。 6）对我们的业务建议如有兴趣，请寄样品，并告最惠条款。 7）我们的报价已是最低价，折扣不能再多给了。 以上七个句子都涉及到“价格低”这么一个概念，但若要译得贴切，却可能须用不同的词来表达。试译如下： 1) fine and inexpensive 2) We do not sell cheap quality goods. 3) We have made you an offer at a very competitive price. 4) You will find our prices for these goods very popular. 5) Please make us your lowest quotation for Clinical Thermometers. 6) If you feel interest in our business proposal, please send us the samples together with your best terms and conditions. 7) As we have quoted you our rock-bottom price, we cant give you any more discount.,中高级口译证书高频翻译考点,(一),港澳台,背景（Background） 香 港 香港是中国的一部分。自古以来，我们的祖先在这块土地上劳动、生活。历史上从秦代到清朝，中国一直对香港实行管辖，行使主权。19世纪中叶，英国发动两次鸦片战争，迫使腐败无能的清政府签订了不平等条约并于1898年侵占了整个香港地区。 香港于1997年7月1日回归祖国，现有人口约630万。,Hong Kong is an inalienable part of China. Since ancient times, our ancestors lived and labored on this land. Historically from the Qing Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, China exercised jurisdiction and sovereignty over Hong Kong. In mid-19th century after launching two Opium Wars, Britain forced the corrupt and incompetent Qing government to sign the unequal treaties. In 1898, Britain occupied the entire Hong Kong region. On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong finally returned to the motherland. It has a population of 6.3 million.,香港同胞有着光荣的爱国主义传统 Hong Kong compatriots have a glorious patriotic tradition. 一国两制、港人治港及高度自治等基本方针将不会改变 The basic policies of one country, two systems, Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong and a high degree of autonomy will remain unchanged. 香港将继续保持作为国际财经金融中心的地位 Hong Kong will continue to retain its status of functioning as an international financial center 未来的香港，人人都有平等竞争的机会 In future Hong Kong, everyone will be given an equal right for competition,澳 门,自古以来，澳门就是中国的领土。我们的祖先很早就开始在澳门生活。16世纪中期，葡萄牙人行贿中国朝廷官员，获准借澳门暂住。19世纪鸦片战争前，葡萄牙人已完全控制了澳门。1887年清政府被迫签订了不平等的中葡条约。 1987年，中葡签订了“中葡联合声明“，宣布澳门为中国领土，中国政府将于1999年12月20日对其恢复行使主权。 澳门于1999年12月20日回归祖国；现有人口约45万。,Macao is historically Chinese territory and the ancestors of the Chinese people started to live in Macao as early as the New Stone Age. During the mid-16th century, the Portuguese bribed Chinese officials and obtained permission to live on the Macao Peninsula temporarily. In the 19th century, the Portuguese took full control over Macao in the wake of the Opium War. In 1887, the Qing Government was forced to sign an unequal treaty and Portuguese stayed in Macao permanently. In 1987, China and Portugal signed the Sino=Portuguese Joint Declaration which declared Macao is Chinese territory and that the Chinese Government would resume the exercise of sovereignty over it from December20, 1999. It now has a population of about 450,000.,澳门的回归将从此结束外国在中国土地上统治耻辱的年代 Macaos return will end years of humiliating foreign rule over Chinese land. 澳门社会中西文化融合，同时也是连结海峡两岸的桥梁 Macao society is a blend of Chinese and Western cultures and acts as a bridge linking the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.,台 湾,台湾中国领土不可分割的一部分。1895年，日本通过侵华战争强迫清政府签订不平等的马关条约，霸占了台湾。1945年，中国政府新恢复对台湾行使主权。 台湾现有人口约2094万。,Taiwan is an inalienable part of China. In 1895, through a war of aggression against China, Japan forced the Qing Government to sign the unequal Treaty of Shimonoseki, and forcibly occupied Taiwan. In 1945, the Chinese Government recovered Taiwan, resuming the exercise of sovereignty over Taiwan. Taiwan has a population of about 20.94 million.,一个中国原则是实现和平统一的基础和前提 The one-China principle is the basis and prerequisite for achieving peaceful reunification 在一个中国原则下，什么问题都可以谈 Any question can be discussed under one-China principle. 不能允许台湾问题的解决再无限期地拖下去了 The people of the whole of China cannot allow the resolution of the Taiwan issue to be dragged on indefinitely,台湾新领导人的选举，并不能改变台湾是中国领土的一部分的事实 The election of a new leader in Taiwan cannot change the fact that Taiwan is part of Chinese territory 我们解决台湾问题的原则是“和平统一祖国和一国两制“ Our guideline for solving the Taiwan question is “peaceful reunification and the one country, two systems“ 台湾当局必须抛弃“两国”论 The Taiwanese authorities must abandon “two states“ statement,方针（Major Policies）,一个国家，两种制度 One country, two systems. 港人治港 Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong 澳人治澳 Macao people administer Macao 一个中国的原则 One-China principle 和平统一祖国 Peaceful reunification of the motherland 高度自治 a high degree of auto