Unit III Narration,Narrate,now!,Basic knowledge about narration,What is narration? Narration is an account of an event or connected events. This is a commonly used method in writing a novel, a story, real or imaginary, or n news reports.,Sample,One day a visitor from the city came to a small rural area to drive around the country roads, see how the farms looked, and perhaps to see how farmers earned their living. The city man saw a farmer in his yard, holding a pig up in his hands, and lifting it so that the pig could eat apples from an apple tree. The city man said to the farmer,“ I see that your pig likes apples, but isn“t that quite a waste of time?“ The farmer replied,“ What“s time to a pig?“ (P72),Five aspects in a narrative:,1. Purpose The purpose maybe to teach a lesson,to illustrate a concept,to prove a theory,to praise a virtue,etc.,Five aspects in a narrative:,2. Context Make clear when,where,and to whom the action in our narrative happen.The background knowledge will help the reader understand the ar narrative.,Five aspects in a narrative:,3. Selection of details When writing a narrative,we should provide enough details to let the reader know what happens as well as our purpose in telling the story.Be sure to bear in mind our purpose in writing the narrative.,Five aspects in a narrative:,4. Structure Generrally speaking,a narrative essay has three parts: Beginning,we give the setting,background knowledge of when,where,what. Body,tells the story itself. End,given after the story is told.,Five aspects in a narrative:,5. Point of view first person,second person or third person.,Chronological order and flashback can be used in narrative writing.,Chronological order: present events in exactly the order in which they occurred, moving from beginning to end, from first event to the last. If you are writing a straightforward account of a historical event, chronological order is often used.,Chronological order and flashback can be used in narrative writing.,Flashback: a technique used to arouse readers interest or curiosity by beginning with a key event from the middle of the story, or even from the end, and then presenting the events that took place before it. In fictional narratives or in personal experience essays, you may begin in the present and then use a series of flashbacks, shifts into the past, to tell your story.,Sample THE DRESS,One evening, Maya was making plans for her birthday. She sat in the living room with her father and instructed him on what to get for her. “I want a chocolate cake.only a chocolate cake.and white candles on top, please ensure they are white.and five-differently coloured balloons, and of course, Ninas blue dress,“ she told him gravely.,Her father who was writing all this down, looked up. “Why Ninas blue dress?“ he asked. “Because it is the only one that is the colour of the sky,“ she answered. “You know daddy, blue is my favourite colour.“ “Is it?“ replied her father who knew why, overnight, his daughters preferences in colour had changed. Mayas cousin Nina, had come to spend the weekend at their house. Nina was coming from school, and she was really excited because she had a role in the school play. She had been given a lovely silk blue dress which was to be her dress for the play, just before coming to Mayas house. So, she brought it with her and showed it off to Maya.,When held up against the light, the dress shimmered. And Maya fell deeply under its spell. From that minute, she began to tell anyone who would listen, that blue was her favourite colour and that she would wear only a blue dress to her party. Not just any blue dress, though. “One that has all these lights and pleats in front, just like Ninas.“,Since her birthday was the following day and since Ninas play happened three days after that, Mayas intentions were clear to everyone, including Nina. Maya wanted to wear the dress for her birthday party.,She spent the entire day convincing her hapless cousin that they were soul sisters and that what belonged to one, naturally also belonged to the other. So, Mayas dolls and wardrobe of dresses were Ninas, and Ninas blue dress was Mayas. And Nina could not be so selfish as to deny her cousin the brief pleasure of wearing the blue dress for the party, could she?,Poor Nina! Not knowing how to react to her cousins relentless talk of selflessness, she deeply regretted having brought the dress with her. She could see, in her minds eye, a resplendent Maya basking under all the attention, at the party. Maya wearing the blue dress that was rightfully hers. How unbearable.,Mayas parents, who knew they would be in for the most spectacular display of tantrums if they stepped in, were in a dilemma. How could they make their daughter see what she was doing was plain bad manners, without giving her a chance to act like a martyr?,The next day, when th