定语从句专项复习 (M1 Unit 1Unit3 ) I. 定语从句中各个关系代词、关系副词的基本用法；1. 掌握关系词（关系代词和关系副词）的用法关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，它们在定语从句中充当三个作用：引导作用、替代作用和成分作用。关系代词和和关系副词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；关系代词在从句中代替它前面的先行词，在从句中充当成分（主、宾、表、定）；关系副词在从句中总是作状语。定语从句引导词 指人：who（主、宾），whom（宾），that（主、关系代词 宾、表），whose（定），as（主、宾、表）指 物：that（主、宾、表），which（主、宾），whose（定），as （主、宾、表）关系副词 when（时间状语）where（地点状语）why（原因状语）=for which注意： （1）关系代词在从句中充当主语时，不可省略。eg: Do you know the person who/that is standing under the tree?你认识站在树下面的那个人吗？（2）关系代词在从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。I have never seen the girl (who/whom/that) you mentioned yesterday.（3）从句中的介词提前时，只能用whom或which 引导，且不可省略。eg: She is the very person (who/whom/that) I turned to for help = She is the very person_ I turned for help. 她就是那个我求助的那个人。That is the house (which/that) I live in.= That is the house _ I live . （4）whose引导的定语从句可变为另外两种形式，即： the + n.+ of which/whom of which/whom + the + n. We are studying in a classroom _ face south.= We are studying in a classroom_face south.= We are studying in a classroom_ face south.我们在一个窗户朝南开的教室里学习。Do you know that man_ are blue?= Do you know _ are blue?= Do you know _ are blue?你认识那个眼睛是蓝色的男人吗？对于这种定语从句形式的考查，一般都在定冠词the上做文章，一定要注意选项中是否有the。（5）三个关系副词可以用“介词+ which”的形式来替换；This is the town where he grew up. 这就是他长大的那个城镇。=This is the town _he grew up.=The is the town _he grew up in.关系词的选择1) I will never forget the occasion _we played together.2) We everyone will meet the occasion _ we didnt know what to do.3) There are occasions_(on which) one must yield 4)Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A who B which C why D when5)Ill give you my friends address,_ I can be reached most evenings.A which B when C whom D where6)I find teaching challenging. Its a job_ you are doing sth. serious but interesting.7)She will never forget her stay there _she found her son who had gone missing two years before.8)Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.9)Later 9n this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. 10)Theres one point _I must insist on.11)Weve tried to reached a point _both sides will sit down together and talk.II. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别； He is a boy who works very hard. 他是一个学习非常刻苦的男孩。（？）This is her mother, who works in a hospital. 这就是她的妈妈，她在医院工作。（？）He gave up a plan which/ that was a very good one. 他放弃了一个非常好的计划。He gave up the plan, which was a very good one. 他放弃了这个计划，这个计划非常好。III. 限制性定语从句中that与which的区别； 用例句总结规律1. Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?2. The only passage that I have read recently is the merchant of Venice. （？）3. This is the best film that I have ever seen. What is the first novel that you have read? 4. Do you still remember the things and the persons that gave you so much joy?5. Who is that man that wears a necklace every day?6. This is not the city that it used to be.IV. 只能用which、who(m)的情况，（而不用that）1 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which引导定语从句，which可以引导修饰整个主句的定语从句（代替前面主句），用who/whom 指人。2. 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时，只能用which指物，whom指人。3.当先行词本身是that是，关系词用which；先行词为those, anyone, one, ones时，多用who引导。eg: Anyone who _the law shall be published. Those who _against the plan put up your hands please. One who _nothing to fear for himself dares to tell the truthV. 定语从句中as 与which 的区别；as引导的可以用在句首、句中；而which只能用在句中。下列四种情况只能用as：（1）非限制性定语从句放在句首。（2）非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词是know, see, believe, expect, suppose，report, announce 等词或用其被动语态，表示意料之中的，这时常用as。（3）先行词前有the same, so, such, as修饰时，用as引导。（特殊性见下面的“注意”）（4）只要句子能译出 “正如、正像”之意，就用as 引导。 eg: As is well-known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知的是，中国是一个发展中国家。（句首，不可用which）He came late again, _ we had expected. He came late again,_ we had not expected. Such books _I borrowed yesterday are all here. 我昨天所借的书都在这儿。He has fallen ill today, _often the case/ often happens. 他今天病倒了，正像经常发生的那样。注意：This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. Its such a heavy stone_ cant carry . Its such a heavy stone_ cant carry it.VI. 定语从句与名词性从句的区别；1）This is _ I disagree with./ This is _ I disagree.2) Many people in the West are expected to leave_ could be lifes most important decision-marriage- almost entirely up to luck.3) Men usually go straight to_ they want and leave quickly when shopping.4)The companies are working together to create_ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st