物业管理英语第一讲：Property ManagementPropertymanagementistheprocessofoverseeingtheoperationandmaintenanceofrealpropertytoachievetheobjectivesofthepropertyowner.Sometimesownersmanagetheirownproperty,particularlysmallpropertiesandparticularlywhentheythemselvesoccupypartofthespace.Butforlargerpropertiesorthosewhoseownersliveatadistance,managementisusuallyperformedbyapaidpropertymanager,eitheranindividualbuildingsonlong-termleases,wheretenantsmaintainthebuilding,paythetaxesandinsurance,andmailtheowneracheckeachmonth.Butmostresidential,office,retail,andmanyindustrialpropertiesofferservicesalongwiththespaceovertime. Propertymanagementhaslongbeenanunderratedfunctionintherealestateindustry.Theneedforprofessionalmanagementdidnotbecomeapparentuntilthedepressionofthe1930s,whennumerousforeclosuresrevealedapatternofmanagementdeficiencies.Thisoversightmightseemstrange,sincerunningalargecommercialorresidentialprojectinwhichhundredsorthousandsofpeopleresideorworkisahighlychallengingtask,callingfortraining,goodjudgment,varietyoftechnicalskills.Traditionally,however,emphasisintherealestateindustryhasbeenonthesopermanentelementsoftheinvestment-goodlocation,construction,andreasonablelong-termfinancing-thanontheday-to-dayoperationoftheproperty.Ithassometimesseemedasifapropertyowner,havingmadeaverylargeinvestmentinthepermanentstructure,assumedthatthepropertywouldrunitselfwithaminimumamountofsupervision. Thisconceptofpropertymanagementhaschangedsubstantiallyinthepastdecade.Inaneraofrisingcosts,ithasdawnedonownersthatgoodpropertymanagementisthemajorcontrollableinfluenceonresidualcashflow(i.e.,thenumberofdollarsthatendupintheownerspocket).Itistruethatbothrentratesandoperatingexpensesarelargelyshapedbymarketforcesbeyondthecontrolofanyonepropertyowner(witnesstheverysharpriseinenergycostsinthe1970s).Butitisalsotruethatcomparablepropertieswithinthesamegeographicareaoftenshowsignificantvariancesinrentalincomeandoperatingcosts.Why?Closeinspectionoftenshowsthat“above-average”operatingexpensesandlowerthanaveragerentlevelsresultfrominadequatepropertymanagement. Theclassicmistakeofthestockandbondinvestormovingintorealestateinvolvesunderestimatingtheimportanceofmanagement.Someinvestorshavethefeelingthatrealestatemanagesitself. Thereisastoryabouttheimportanceofpropertymanagement.ASanFranciscorealestatebrokerrecentlynoticedaprojectthatwasonthemarketfor$1million.Heknewhowthepropertyhadbeenmanagedinthepastandthatthemilliondollarvaluationwasbasedonacapitalizationofhistoricincomefigure.Heborrowedmoneytobuytheproperty,renegotiatedcertainleases,andestablishedmoreefficientoperatingprocedures.Insixmonthshesoldthepropertyfor$1.4millionbasedonthecapitalizedvalueofthenew,highernetincome.Hiscontributionwasmanagementexpertise. UsefulExpressions: atadistance在远处 alongwith和，同，与一道；加之 callfor需要；要求 ratherthan而不是 dawnon开始（被人）理解，渐渐（使人）明白 endup结束，结尾；停止 resultfor由于，是的结果 bebasedon基于；以为根据 Notes: 1.Propertymanagementistheprocessofoverseeingtheoperationandmaintenanceofrealpropertytoachievetheobjectivesofthepropertyowner. 此句中，动词不定式toachievetheobjectivesofthepropertyowner作目的状语。 propertymanagement物业管理 realproperty房产 propertyowner业主 2.orthosewhoseownersliveatadistance,managementisusuallyperformedbyapaidpropertymanager,eitheranindividualoramanagementfirm. 此句中，关系代词whose在定语从句中充当定语，该定语从句修饰指示代词those. Eitheror表示选择，可以连接两个并列的词、词组或独立分句。在此句中，eitheror连接的成分是apaidpropertymanager的同位语，作进一步的解释。 3.thereareexceptionsbuildings，wheretenantsmaintainthebuildingonalong-termleases,paythetaxes。 此句中，关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语，由它引导的定语从句修饰buildings. onalong-termleases意为“长期租赁”。 4.Propertymanagementhaslongbeenanunderratedfunction。 Long在此句中是副词，作时间状语，underrated是过去分词，作function的定语。 5.notuntil意为“直到才”。例如： Thebabydidnotgotobeduntilhismothercamebackhome. 6.sincerunningalargecommercialorresidentialprojectinwhichhundredsorthousandsofpeopleresideorworkisahighlychallengingtask。 此句中，关系代词which在定语从句中作状语，由其引导的定语从句修饰project,highly修饰challenging,意为“非常地”。 ahighlychallengingtask意为“非常具有挑战性的任务”。 7.asifapropertyowner,havingmadeaverylargeinvestmentinthepermanentstructure,assumed 在此句中havingmadeaverylargeinvestmentinthepermanentstructure作后置定语，修饰apropertyowner。该短语是过去分词的完成时形式，表示其动作发生在谓语动词之前。例如： Theidea,havingbeenputforwardbyTim