定语从句1 关于定语从句概念知识：什么叫定语？先行词？关系词？所起的作用？在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，充当定语的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，关系词紧跟在先行词之后，在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句的一个成分。二关系代词that/which/who/whose/whom之间的选用例题：用who, whom, that, which或whose填空。1. I have a friend _ likes listening to music.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.4. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.5. The family _ Im staying with live in town.6. I know the student _ article was published.7. Betty, _ has never been abroad, is studying English very well.8. My parents live in a house _ is more thatn 100 years old.9. The man _ is working on the playground is my old friend.知识总结：（1） 由关系代词引导的定语从句及其充当的成分关系代词例句 that在定语从句中做主语或 宾语 指物This is the novel that interests me.(作主语）The magazine (that) I bought yesterday is lost.(作宾语） 指人The woman that burst out of the room just now was angry with you.(作主语）The boy (that) we just saw in the library is the monitor of Class Three.(作宾语）which在定语从句中作主语或宾语 指物China is a country which has a long history.(作主语）I have lost the book (which) you lent me yesterday.(作宾语） who, whom在定语从句中分 别作主语和宾语 指人The man who is talking with my father is a policeman.(作主语）He is the man (whom) I visited last week. (作宾语）That is the boy for whom they were searching.(作宾语）whose在定语从句中作定语指人Henry is the boy whose name is the same as our English teachers.(作定语）指物The novel whose cover was broken belongs to me.(作定语）（2） 先行词指人时，that可与who/whom互换 先行词指物时，that课与which互换（3） that与which在从句中作宾语时，经常省略。三例题：1. The athlete _you are talked is a famous runner. _2. The boy_ John spoke is my brother. _3. The city _ she lives is very beautiful. _课文例句：Do you want a friend whom you could tell everying to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? _知识总结：关系代词whom/which在从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间， 也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。4 例题：This is the house whose window was broken last night.This is the house, _ was broken last night.This is the house, _ was broken last night.This house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.The house, _ was damaged has now been repaired.The house, _ was damaged has now been repaired.This is the artist whose works are known all over the world.This is the artist, _ are known all over the world.This is the artist, _ are known all over the world.The newly-built cafe, the wall of _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A. that B. it C. what D. WhichThe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_ are sold abroad.A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of thatThe company bought some new machines_parts are too small to be soon.A. who B. which C. whose D.what知识总结：关系代词whose引导定语从句时，先行词既指人，又可指物，在从句中作定语，后面接名词，表达所属关系，通常意为“的”。即：whose+名词=the+名词+of which/whom=of which/whom+the+名词5 例题:1. I refuse to accept the blame for something_ was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what2. All_ is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which3. This is the very book_ I want to buy. A. that B. which C.it D. with which4. -Do you have anything in mind _ youd like to have for dinner? -Well, anything is OK for me. A. that B. which C. what D. Where5. This is one of the best films _. A. That have been show this year B. That have shown C. Which has been shown this year D. That you talked6. All the apples _ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the tips. A. Which B./ C. that D. They知识总结:在限定性定语从句中，只能用that的情况1. 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one等不定代词时，例： There is nothing (that) I can do. I mean the one that was brought yesterday.2. 先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时，例： I have read all the books (that) you gave me. You may take home any of these books that you like.3. 先行词被the only, the very, just the, the last等词修饰时，例： The white flower is the only one (that) I really like. This is the very book (that)