Active and Passive Voices,Pgs. 139-141,Active Voice,In sentences with transitive verbs, the subject performs the action, and the object receives the action. When the subject is the doer of the action, the verb is in the active voice. An active verb sends its action forward to the object. Zebras surrounded the bus.,Passive Voice,Sometimes the action of a sentence goes the other way. Then the subject becomes the receiver of the action rather than the doer. When the subject receives the action, the verb is in the passive voice. A passive verb sends its action back to the subject. The bus was surrounded by zebras.,Active and Passive Voices,When you switch a verb from the active voice to the passive voice, the sentence changes in several ways.,Active and Passive Voices,1). The main verb is now a past participle, with a form of be-present, past, or future-used as a helping verb. Active: Mrs. Juru led the safari. Passive: The safari was led by Mrs. Juru.,Active and Passive Voices,2. The object of the active verb becomes the subject in the sentence with the passive verb. Active: Her son drove the bus. Passive: The bus was driven by her son.,Active and Passive Voices,3. The subject of the sentence with the active verb often follows the word by in the sentence with the passive voice. Active: Mr. Watts spotted a giraffe. Passive: A giraffe was spotted by Mr. Watts.,Active and Passive Voices,4. A sentence with a verb in the passive voice does not always show the doer of the action. Many wild animals were photographed by our group. Many wild animals were photographed. No intransitive verb (action or linking) is ever in the passive voice.,