英语口语和演讲 学习方法,厦门大学英文系 教授/博士 厦大外语教学法研究室 主任 厦大外国语言文学所 副所长 纪玉华,讲话就是生产力,毕业论文答辩 考研复试 求职面试 才艺比赛 研讨发言 汇报工作 劝导讲解,大声朗读英语的益处,要讲好外语，必须从朗读开始，懂得朗读规则，严格按规则训练， 吐字才会清晰， 语流才会顺畅， 语调才会得体。,怎样提高你的英语语感? 培养语感成为外语教学的重要任务。王德春,How to enhance your English language sense? 音词句段 朗读背诵默写 坚持背诵表演背诵语感,朗读和背诵十项注意,(1)天天“五一”，坚持劳动 (2)读“四字经”，辨别异同 长衣短A /i:,i/;长屋短欧/u:,u/ 小哀大爱/e, cat/;小阿大阿/cut, a:/ (3)元 音 长 短，要 看后面 清辅音则缩短，浊辅音则延长,朗读和背诵十项注意,（7）虚晃一枪，装模作样loss Blackboard, white cat, black cat, Bad guy, short story, sad story （8）礼让三先，化繁为简change Send money, did you, dont you Ten boys, ten girls, asked you,朗读和背诵十项注意,（9）欺软怕硬，厚此薄彼 Philosophy, nationality, Iraq, economy, economically, philosophically, technique I suggest you talk to her this evening.,表意重音：实词重/虚词轻,实词：动词、名词、形容词、副词、数词、疑问代词、指示代词。 虚词：介词双音节介词除外、冠词、连词、人称代词、关系代词、关系副词、助动词。 例如：I believe the course I followed with China is the one thats best for America, disagreeing where we have serious disagreements and pursuing our common interest where I thought it was in the interest of the United States.,逻辑重音：强调啥就突出啥,I suggest you talk to her this evening. I suggest you talk to her this evening. I suggest you talk to her this evening. I suggest you talk to her this evening. I suggest you talk to her this evening. I suggest you talk to her this evening. I suggest you talk to her this evening.,逻辑重音:强调啥就突出啥,She was trying to lose weight. She was trying to lose weight. She was trying to lose weight. She was trying to lose weight.,朗读和背诵十项注意,(10) 听话听音，锣鼓听声 降调（肯定、不客气），平调，升调（疑问、关心），降升调，升降调,升调客气，降调冷淡,Whats your name? May I have your name, please? What company are you representing? How do you pronounce your name, please? What part of America are you from? Where is your company located in Canada? What would you like to have, tea of coffee?,A: Im off to Europe tomorrow. B: Where?,/ Where? Where?,= Please repeat, I didnt catch what you said. Off to where? = Please amplify. Where in Europe are you going?,朗读和背诵十项注意,朗读技巧演练1：省/连/失/变,Last week, I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors.,朗读技巧演练2：省/连/失/变,I turned round and looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a word,” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely, “This is a private conversation. ”,朗读技巧演练3：重音/语调/手势,Tomorrow is Mothers Day, a special moment to express the gratitude, respect and love we feel all year round. Our mothers give us life; they offer us unconditional love, strong guidance and the sense that we can grow up to do anything we can dream of.,朗读技巧演练4：重音/语调/手势,From our first moments, mothers are our best teachers and most selfless friends. And, like my own mother, whom I miss very much, especially on Mothers Day, they rarely ask for thanks. A mothers main wish is to see her children grow up healthy and happy.,朗读背诵一举五得,Kill five birds with one stone. 开口轻松，语流顺畅 自读自听，自然顺耳 语法是啥？就是语感 常做默写，写作不难 表演背诵，口译不难,通过SPEAKING学习演讲,Situation who, where, when, how, what.,purpose + essential points,P = purpose-What you are going to talk about, what your purpose of the talk, what you want your audience to do after the talk. E = Essential points-what are the main points you want to argue for? Organize them in a logic and easy-to-understand way.,A = Artistic device,Artistic devices include: Metaphor (Imagine human life as a long hurdle race. We all begin running at the same starting point, but after we jump over the first few hurdles, some of us start to knock down hurdles and gradually drop out. As more people are knocking down hurdles, fewer people are running on. In the end, of course, every runner gives up.),A = Artistic device,(What are the hurdles and how can we lower them? There are four kinds of hurdles: environment, medical care, nutrition, and spiritual life.) Climax the power of three (Nixon1972: There is no reason for us to be enemies. Neither of us seeks the territory of the other; neither of us seeks domination over the other; neither of us seeks to stretch out our hands and rule the world.),A = Artistic device,Reagan1984: Neither of us is an expansionist power. We do not desire your land, nor you ours. We do not challenge your borders. We do not provoke your anxieties.,K+I=knowledge +illustration,Knowledge - you must do enough research on your topic and get ready for questions from your audience. Illustration - specify (where, when, who, what, how, why); personalize (use names instead of someone or an old man); humanize (consider human interest); dramatize (use direct not indirect speech),N + G = novelty & gesture,NOVELTY - START AND END YOUR SPEECH IN A DIFFERENT AND INTERESTING WAY BY USING QUOTATIONS OR STORIES. (Do not do onto others what you will not have them do onto you. Do onto others what you will have do onto you.) GESTU