Unit1Whatsthematter?一、基础知识1.Whatsthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/mt(r)/n.问题；事情Whatsthematterwithyou?=Whatsthetroublewithyou?=Whatswrongwithyou?你怎么了？【注】：matter和trouble为名词，其前可加the或形容词性物主代词，wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。即：Whatsthematterwithsb.?=Whatsyourtrouble?=Whatsup?=Whathappenstosb.?Whatsthematterwithyou?Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容词，意为太.，toomuch+名词，意为很多，大量。5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足够好，enoughmoney=muchmoney6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied7.maybe或许，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情态动词+be的结构，意为可能，也许，后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名词代词和从句：Itsoundslikeyoudontknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容词，听起来，好像，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下（公交车）geton上车11.agree同意，赞同；agreewithsth.同意某事如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如：IagreetoLiLei.12.trouble问题，麻烦；beintrouble遇到麻烦，maketrouble制造麻烦，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做.有麻烦。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为马上。14.advice不可数名词劝告，建议，向征求意见，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议；advise动词advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisesb.doingsth.【复习】exercise练习、锻炼当exercise意为练习时，为可数名词即可加s当exercise意为锻炼时，为不可数名词即不加s16.hurt及物动词，使疼痛，受伤，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物动词，（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.clean【动词】打扫，cleantheclassroom打扫教室，【形容词】干净的，cleaner意为清洁工。18.hit（用手或器具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.变得习惯，逐渐适应强调过程、动作：Itsdifficultforonetogetusedtoan20.【复习】free形容词空闲的freetime；免费的thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使解脱，得到自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.22.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险23.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的decision【名词】决定；抉择；makeadecision做决定;makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.。25.beinthecontrolof掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中26.【复习】mind意为介意，minddoingsth.介意做某事,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?27.giveup(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames；giveup后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如:Nevergiveupeasily.二、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：Mariaboughtherselfascarf.Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisntquiteherselftoday.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。如：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.4.用在某些固定短语当中。lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeselftosth请自用（随便吃/喝些）.hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买东西introduceoneself介绍自己【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代词表示某人自己不能表示某人的东西，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达某人自己的（东西）时，须要用onesown.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）Imdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)Imdrawingwithmyowncrayons.Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecityparks一、基本知识点1.sick生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定语asickchild【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.2.cheer(sb.)up（让某人）变得高兴；