Language Points,1. boycott vt联合抵制 to refuse to buy sth., use sth., or take part in sth. as a way of protesting. 如: We boycott all products tested on animals. 我们抵制用动物做产品实验。,Explanation, n. 抵制 an act of boycotting sth. , or the period of time when it is boycotted. Phrases from other entries: boycott of/on/against 抵制 called for a boycott 号召抵制 organize a boycott 组织抵制,如:The group is urging a nationwide boycott of toys manufactured with child labor. 这个组织呼吁联合抵制雇佣童工生产的玩具。 He called for a boycott of the elections. 他呼吁联合抵制选举活动。,2. prohibit 禁止,阻止 to say that an action is illegal or not allowed. 如: Smoking is strictly prohibited inside the factory. 厂内严禁吸烟。,prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止，阻止别人作某事 如: They are prohibited from revealing details about the candidates. 他们被禁止透露候选人信息。,3. offense =offence n. (动词形式：offend) an illegal action or a crime. 如: The possession of stolen property is a criminal offence. 占有偷盗赃物是一种犯罪行为。 Punishment for a first offence is a fine. 初犯的惩罚是罚款。,His solicitor said he committed the offence because he was heavily in debt. 他的律师宣称他负债太多已构成犯罪。 The bill makes it an offence to carry a knife. 法令视携带刀具为犯规行为。,4. submit 服从;顺从,submitted /submitting to give a plan, piece of writing etc to someone in authority for them to consider or approve., submit an application/claim/proposal etc. 如：All applications must be submitted by Monday. 所有的申请周一前必须提交。, to suggest or say sth. submit +(that)从句 如: I submit that the jury has been influenced by the publicity in this case. 我承认陪审团在这个案件中已经受公 众影响。,5. punctual,arriving, happening, or being done at exactly the time that has been arranged 同义：on time punctually - 副词 punctuality - 名词,be punctual for sth,如: Shes always very punctual for appointments. 她总是很准时赴约。 the punctual payment of invoices. 发票的准时支付。,6. salute v., to move your right hand to your head, especially in order to show respect to an officer in the army, navy etc 敬礼 salutation - 名词,如：The two soldiers saluted Lieutenant Cecil. 那两个士兵向塞西尔中尉致敬。 The men jumped to their feet and saluted. 他们跳起来敬礼。, to praise someone for the things they have achieved, especially publicly. salute sb as sth. 如：James Joyce was saluted as the greatest writer of the 20th century. 詹姆斯乔伊斯被赞颂为20世纪最伟大作家。, in salute 如：he officer raised his hand in salute. salute to 如：His first words were a salute to the people of South Africa.,7. hostility,hostility towards/between 敌意，恶意，不友善 when someone is unfriendly and full of anger towards another person 如: hostility towards foreigners.,8. fundamental（adj.),relating to the most basic and important parts of sth. 基础的，根本的 如:We have to tackle the fundamental cause of the problem. 我们必须抓住这个问题最基本的原因。,fundamentals (名词）,the fundamentals (of sth.) 基本知识，基本原理 the most important ideas, rules etc that something is based on an introduction to the fundamentals of design and print production.,9. constitutional 宪法的;构成的,officially allowed or limited by the system of rules of a country or organization. constitutionally - 副词 constitution - 名词 constitute - 动词,反义词：unconstitutional 违反宪法的 a constitutional right to privacy a constitutional monarchy (=a country ruled by a king or queen whose power is limited by a constitution),10. supreme 最高的,having the highest position of power, importance, or influence,如:the Supreme Allied Commander in Europe where he reigns supreme (=is the most important thing) It required a supreme effort to stay awake.,11. liberty 自由，随意,the freedom and the right to do whatever you want without asking permission or being afraid of authority.,如: individual/personal liberty 个人自由 religious/political/economic liberty 宗教，政治，经济自由,take the liberty of doing sth.,如: I took the liberty of canceling your reservation. 我随意取消预约。 be at liberty to do something 如:I am not at liberty to discuss these matters. 我没空讨论这些事情。,12. brief,continuing for a short time 如: We stopped by Alices house for a brief visit. 我们在爱丽斯逗留了一会儿。,in brief 简言之 Here again are todays headlines in brief. 这个是今天标题简要。,13. live out sth. to experience or do sth. that you have planned or hoped for. 如: The money enabled them to live out their dreams.,