Language Study,Sentences,1. V-ing 的不同用法 1) Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are going to visit them in the forest. 2) Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. V-ing作主语 (单个V-ing作主语谓语动词 用单数) e.g. Seeing is believing.,V-ing作伴随状语,3) This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.,V-ing作宾语,V-ing作宾语补足语,mean doing 意味着 to do 打算做 I didnt mean_ her. But talking like that means _ her.(hurt) leave +宾语+doing 使处于某种状态 Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain. The news left me wondering what would happen next.,to hurt,hurting,2. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. observe vt. 看到，观察到 Did you observe anything strange? observe sb. do / doing sth. I observed him enter the bank with a gun. The policeman observed the man opening the window. （用动词不定式（省to）表示看到动作的全过程；用动词-ing形式表示看到动作正在进行。）,He was observed to hurry by. （在主动语态中，observe 后作宾补的动词不定式不带to，但在被动语态中要带to） observation n. 观察（力） By his trained observation, the doctor knew that the man was not really dead. 观察到的东西 The doctor examined the patient and wrote down his observations.,3. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 将only及其后面的状语提前放在句首,句子要用部分倒装语序，即将be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。,only+状语+部分倒装 只有这样，我们才能学好英语。 Only in this way_. 到那时我才意识到我的错误。 Only then_.,did I realize my mistakes,can we learn English better,但Only +主语时不倒装 只有你了解我。 Only you_,understand me.,Phrases,1. move off 2. work out 3. lead a life 4. crowd in 5. look down upon/on 6. refer to,离开，起程，出发 算出，理解，制订 过着的生活 （想法、问题等）涌上心头 蔑视，瞧不起(p4) 查阅，参考，谈到(p5),1) You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers. 2) You should work out a plan for the new term. 3) I cant work out the meaning of the poem.,（理解，说出）,(算出）,(制定，拟订),1. The troops _ before dawn, hoping to get to the next village at noon. 2. No one likes to _. 3. They are _ comfortable _. 4. If you dont know what this means, you can _ the dictionary. 5. Happy memories _ as I looked at he photographs. 6. He is not the person I _ just now.,moved off,be looked down upon/on,leading a,life,refer to,crowded in,referred to,Words,1.behave vi. 行为, 举止, 举止适当或有礼 behave (well/ badly) to /towards sb.,She behaved with great courage. 他对顾客的态度不好. He _ to (towards) the customers. 你应该学会举止得体 You should _.,behaved badly,learn to behave,(2) vt. (oneself) 举止适当或有礼 Please behave (yourselves), children.,behaviour n.U 举止；行为 Their behaviour towards me shows that they dont like me. She was ashamed of her childs behaviour.,2. shade n. 荫；阴凉处 He took a rest in the shade of a tree. vt. 遮阳；挡光 A big hat shaded his eyes.,3. worthwhile adj.值得做的，有意义的(做表语 或定语) a worthwhile experiment/job. (定语) The experiment is worthwhile.（表语） 结构be worthwhile doing / to do It is worthwhile to read this book. reading this book. worth adj. (表语） 值钱 worth + 具体钱数 The dictionary is worth 10 dollars. 2) 值得做be worth doing (主动形式表被动含义) The book is worth reading. 非常值得 be well worth doing,worthy adj.（定语和表语） 结构 be worthy of being done be worthy to be done be worthy + n. The question is worthy of being considered. to be considered. consideration. worthy 还有 “值得尊敬的”之意 a worthy person,4. respect vt. 尊敬；尊重 We should respect each other. I respect you for your honesty. n. 尊敬,尊重; 敬意 Its wrong for you not to have respect for her feelings. Please give /send my respects to your parents.,5. argue v. 讨论；辩论；争论 argue (vi.) +with sb. about/over sth. 同某人辩论某事 They are arguing with their classmates about the solution to the problem. argue (vt.) + n. /clause(从句)/sb. to be We argued that we should be paid more.,argue for / against为而辩护/为反对而辩论 那个有名的律师将为这个穷人辩护. That famous lawyer will argue for the poor man. 一些人为反对自由贸易辩论。 Some people argue against free trade.,6. inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 inspire sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事 His speech inspired us greatly. The teacher inspired us to study harder.,inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞 inspired adj. 有灵感的 inspiring adj. 激励人心的,Her _ speech yesterday made us _ .,inspiring,inspired,7. support vt. 支持；拥护（P3） Can those shelves support so many books? He need earn money to support his family. n. 支持；拥护 My family have given me a lot of support. supporter n. 支持者;拥护者 Im a strong supporter of womens rights.,1. The agreement strengthened the _ (联系) between the two countries. 2. A bird lays eggs in the _ (巢) (which/that) it has built.,I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出该单词的正确形式。,bond (s),nest,练习坊,3. Their _ (举止) towards me shows that they do like me. 4. She had a happy _ (童年). 5. Television provides knowledge as well as _ (娱乐).,behaviour,childhood,entertainment,6. She is so _ (直言的) that she has hurt the feelings of all her friends. 7. There are no trees or bushes to give s_ in this area, so it is very hot