高考英语 阅读理解 推理判断高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求： 阅读部分 要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。需要特别说明的是，考试说明中强调：“阅读部分要求学生读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸和杂志（含网络版）的关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。文体包括记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。” 网络版英语文章也有可能成为阅读理解命题的材料。1. Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns.D. They were closely connected.I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years? says Gin. I ve been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I dont see it as a lawless land. But rather see it as an area of freedom. 30. What is Gins attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese? A. Cautious. B. Doubtful. C. Uninterested. D. Appreciative. 2. In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter, the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband.”says Dunn .But interactions with peripheral (边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A. It improves family relationships.B. It raises peoples confidence.C. It matters as much as a formal talk.D. It makes people feel good.3. Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complete ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A. The printing process is complicated.B. 3D food printers are too expensive.C. Food materials have to be dry.D. Some experts doubt 3D food printing.4.“The if it bleeds rule works for mass media, says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. They want your eyeballs and dont care how youre feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A. Theyre socially inactive. B. Theyre good at telling stories. C. Theyre inconsiderate of others. D. Theyre careful with their words.5.December 15,2014 Dear Alfred, I want to tell you how important your help is to my life. Growing up, I had people telling me I was too stow, though, with an IQ of 150 + at 17, Iam anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD（注意力缺陷多动障碍）.Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole. This is why youre saving my life. Yours, Tanis 8. Tanis wrote this letter in order to_A. explain why she was interested in the computer B. share the ideas she had for her profession C. show how grateful she was to the center D. describe the courses she had taken so far5Conflict is on the menu tonight at the caf La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of Frances favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isnt always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say one feels,or people think,”Lehane told them. “Say I think, Think me.”What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La