专项限时训练(二十七)阅读理解之主旨大意和细节理解(限时：25分钟)一、主旨大意1Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honours. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. What is the main idea of the passage?AHow Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.BBingham is a diligent student.CJoshua Bingham received excellent education.DA good lawyer needs good education. 2Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.” Given that this is the case, why arent students taught to manage conflicts the way they are taught to solve maths problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?This article is mainly about_Athe lives of school childrenBthe cause of arguments in schoolsChow to analyse youth violenceDhow to deal with school conflicts3Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practised ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play with a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks.What is the main idea?APeople remember well what they learned in childhood.BChildren have a better memory than grownups.CPoem reading is a good way to learn words.DStories for children are easy to remember.4One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Professor James Murray to serve as an editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文)showing how it was used. This was a huge task. So Murray had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the civil war and is now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire”， 50 miles from Oxford. Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staffs most valued contributors. But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a booklined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the criminally insane. Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10，000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414，825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient. What does the text mainly talk about?AThe history of the English language.BThe friendship between Murray and Minor.CMinor and the first Oxford English Dictionary.DBroadmoor Asylum and its patients. 二、细节理解1Below is a selection about Guinness(吉尼斯) World Records.Top 6 Unusual Guinness World Records Fastest 100m running on all fours The 2008 Guinness World Records Day was, according to CWR, their biggest day of recordbreaking ever, with more than 290，000 people taking part in record attempts in 15 different countries. Kenichi Itos record attempt was part of this special day. He is just another example of Japanese with“super powers”. His “super power” is to run with great speed on all fours. Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours in 18.58 seconds. The Japanese set this record at Setagaya Kuritsu Sogo Undojyo, Tokyo, in 2008. Most people inside a soap bubbleThe Discovery Scienc