object clause 宾语从句,宾语从句 I dont know him.(宾语:动作的对象,一般有介词、名词,或名词短语构成) I dont know where he lives.(句子做宾语:宾语从句) 学习宾语从句要判断几种句子： 1）陈述句 She is a doctor. 2)一般疑问句 Is she a doctor? 3) 特殊疑问句 What is she? 宾语从句练习一般是要改直接引语为间接引语. He says, She is my doctor.(直接引语) He says that she is his doctor. (间接转述),1）陈述句 She is a doctor. 2)一般疑问句 Is she a doctor? 3) 特殊疑问句 What is she? 这三中句子如果接在I dont know 后面做宾语从句的话都应该是陈述句的语序 即第一种句型中的语序.(主 +谓语+其它) 但需要有一个引导词 连接主句和从句 I dont know 1)She is a doctor. I dont know( that )she is a doctor. I dont know 2) Is she a doctor? I dont know if /whether she is a doctor. I dont know 3) What is she? I dont know what she is,变宾语从句归纳（三要素）,1.连词/引导词,A.加 that (可省) -(that)连陈述句,B. 加if(whether是否)连一般问句,C. 加特殊问词 (what,where,when， which ,who,whose,how）,2.连词后的从句一律是陈述语序(主+谓+宾）,3.宾语从句中动词与主句动词时态 一致变化形式。,时态的变化: 1)当主句是现在时的时候,从句可根据需要用任何时态. 2)当主句是过去时的时候,从句变更过去的时态. eg. I dont know what she is now. what she was ten years ago. what she will be in the future. what she has been. what she can be. I didnt know what she was then. what she had been ten years ago. what she would be in the future. what she had been. what she could be.,主句 (过去时) 从句(相应更过去的时态) am/is / are was /were can could will would work worked has done had done shall should was/were had been worked had worked,人称的变化: 根据说话的对象,不同的场景具体情况具体分析. 时间或地点的变化: nowthen(如果说话的时间变了) here there(如果说话的场景变了) 对祈使句的转述: 要用 tell/ask sb.to do sth.的句型. Mum said , “ Get up”. Mum told me to get up.,Summarize(小结) 1. Leading word(引导词) ( that)引导陈述句 if /whether引导一般疑问句 Question pron./adv(特殊疑问词)引导特殊疑问句 2. Sentence order(语序) 宾语从句一律用陈述句即:引导词+主+谓 3. Tense (时态) 当主句是过去时时从句要用相应的过去的时态.(具体要记),宾语从句口诀,学习宾从三注意：时态连词和语序。 时态主从要呼应： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从所示表真理，时态不变不怀疑。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。 That连接陈述句，省与不省没关系。 从句若表“是否”时，if, whether 均可以。 特殊问句做宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题须记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。,将下列句子合并为一句:,1.Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said he was doing his homework.,5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?,Tom said that he would come back.,Tom asked if he was doing his homework.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station? (Could/Would you tell me?这里 could, would是表示委婉不代表过去时，所以后面动词的时态根据从句需要的时间使用）,9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Would you tell me why the train is late?(would这里表示委婉不代表过去时）,They asked where Tom was.,1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) 3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already.,goes,were playing,have returned,1. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) 2. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) 3. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) 4. I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) 2. I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) 10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write),had been,were doing,travels,are talking,were,wrote,11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _ (move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _ to Beijing several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),moves,has taken,had been,rises,did,1.Do you know how much hot water ? AMum is needed Bdoes Mum need CMum needs Ddid Mum need 2.He asked _there was a bookshop in the street. A.that B. what C.how D. whether 3.I wonder _. A.who broke the window B.who the window broke C.whose coat is this D.what is the population of china 4.I dont know _ which room I can live B which room can I live C. which room can I live in D. which room I can live in,C,D,A,D,u,5.Can you tell me ? Awhere he is B.where is he C.he is where D.what is he 6.I didnt know how to London? Awould they go Bare they going Cthey would go Dthey are going 7.I want to know how long Ahas he been back Bhas he come back Che has been back Dhe has come back 8.Do you know ? Awhat the news are Bwhat is the news Cwhat the news is Dwhat are the news,A,C,C,C,3.Could you tell me_ the bike this morning? A. how he mended B. how he mends C. how did he mend D. how does he mend 4.Do you know_? A. what does he teach B. what subject he teaches C. what subject is he going to teach D. what subject will he