Section Grammar,.A.阅读课文,找出与下列汉语意义匹配的英语句子 1.欧洲是狂欢节的发源地,在接近狂欢节的四十天里是不能吃肉的,人们准备迎接基督教的“复活节”。 2.它们(面具)的使用受到法律的限制最早出现在14世纪。 3.在那以后有更多的法律出现了。 4.但是在20世纪70年代后期,这个传统又被学生恢复了。 5.今天,威尼斯的狂欢节会在二月开始,持续五天。 6.旅店被订满,狭窄的街道被穿着美丽服饰的人所挤满。,B.核对答案,并找出这几个句子中运用被动语态的动词 1.In Europe,where it began,carnival was followed by forty days without meat,as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. 2.Their use was limited by laws,the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century. 3.In later times more laws were passed. 4.But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. 5.Today,carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. 6.Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. 答案:1.was followed 2.was limited 3.were passed 4.was revived 5.is celebrated 6.are booked;are crowded,.将下面句子转化为含被动语态的句子 1.I saw the boy run yesterday. 2.He told me that he would come back soon. 3.You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. 4.Do you water your flowers every day? 5.The wind blew down the big tree last night.,答案:1.The boy was seen to run by me yesterday. 2.I was told by him that he would come back soon. 3.A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages. 4.Are your flowers watered by you every day? 5.The big tree was blown down by the wind last night.,.用动词的适当形式填空 1.As time passed,however,the carnival period (extend),so that it began just after Christmas. 2.Men were not allowed to wear masks at night;and they (not allow) to dress up as women. 3.If they broke the laws,they (put) into prison for up to two years. 4.Finally,when Venice became part of the Austrian empire,at the end of the eighteenth century,masks (ban)completely,and carnival became just a memory. 答案:1.was extended 2.were not allowed 3.were put 4.were banned,.根据汉语提示完成句子 1.Linda,make sure the tables (摆好) before the guests arrive. 2.The letters for the boss (放) on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later. 3.Did you see the manager in the office? Yes.He (正在接受采访) by a journalist from China Daily. 4.As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area (需要维修). 答案:1.are set 2.were put 3.was being interviewed 4.need repairing,考点一,考点二,Grammar:The Passive Voice 被动语态 考点一:被动语态的构成 英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,其构成为:be+过去分词。在被动语态中,常用by后跟动作的执行者。 考点延伸 阅读下面的句子,说出谓语动词的时态、语态及其构成 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 时态语态:一般现在时的被动语态 构成:am/is/are done,考点一,考点二,The whole of my money was stolen yesterday. 昨天我全部的钱都被偷走了。 时态语态:一般过去时的被动语态 构成:was/were done The school sports meeting will be held next week. 校运动会将在下星期举行。 时态语态:一般将来时的被动语态 构成:will be done A hospital is being built in the centre of the town. 镇中心正在兴建一家医院。 时态语态:现在进行时的被动语态 构成:am/is/are being done,考点一,考点二,The teaching plan was being discussed at that time. 那时正在讨论教学计划。 时态语态:过去进行时的被动语态 构成:was/were being done Many foreign films have been shown on TV since last month. 上个月以来,电视上播放了许多外国影片。 时态语态:现在完成时的被动语态 构成:have/has been done,考点一,考点二,考点二:1)被动语态的应用,考点一,考点二,2)不用被动语态的情况 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。要想正确地使用被动语态,就需注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。下面的动词或短语不用于被动语态:appear,disappear,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,stand,break out,come true,fall asleep,keep silence,lose heart,take place等。 表示状态的及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态,如:have,marry,wish,cost,agree with,arrive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in,suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk into,belong to等。,考点一,考点二,系动词无被动语态,如:appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。 带同源宾语的及物动词,不能用于被动语态,如:diedeath,dreamdream,livelife等。 当宾语是动词不定式或动词-ing形式时,谓语动词一般不用被动语态。如: She likes to swim.她喜欢游泳。 He admitted having done wrong.他承认做错了。,考点一,考点二,即学即用,考点一,考点二,考点一,考点二,考点一,考点二,考点一,考点二,