专题二 主旨大意A组 基础闯关题组Passage 1(2019江西上饶二模,B) 词数:333Animals do amazing things. Birds travel long distances. Whales communicate across vast oceans. Honeybees remember familiar flowers. Crows can turn sticks into tools. Elephants can imitate sounds. Monkeys do simple math. Can animals also warn us if a natural disaster is about to strike?A few days before the Asian tsunami which happened several years ago, a person watched thousands of ants rush away from the beach into the forest. According to other accounts, elephants screamed and ran to higher ground as many as 10 days before the disaster struck. Dogs refused to go outside.Despite decades of research, scientists dont know how to predict earthquakes and tsunamis. Maybe animals can do better. Some people say that animals have a special kind of power for sensing the future. They call it a “sixth sense”, above and beyond the five senses we normally talk abouttaste, smell, touch, sight, and hearing. “The scientific evidence for an animals sixth sense, however, is slim,” says John Caprio, a neurobiologist at Louisiana State University. “If reports about animals escaping from danger are actually true,” Caprio says, “the animals must be responding to real senses, rather than using some mysterious type of sense.” “When it comes to sensing earthquakes and tsunamis, feeling the shakes they create in the earth is probably the key,” says Joel Greenspan, a colleague of John. “Animals are always in direct contact with the ground,” Greenspan says. “We dont do that any more. We have shoes and clothes. We pay attention to other people, sights, and sounds.” That way, if an animal is standing or lying around, it can sense the footsteps of its enemy coming on its way. Perhaps the animals in Asia mistook the earthquake or the tsunami for a monster coming to eat them. In response, they ran in the opposite direction and ended up saving themselves.Even though scientists are far from knowing everything about why animals behave the way they do, most scientists are sure there must be reasonable explanations.1.What did animals do before the Asian tsunami?A.They refused to move long distances.B.They didnt communicate with each other.C.The elephants ran to higher ground in advance.D.They all rushed away from the beach into the forest.2.Why cant we humans feel as animals do, according to Joel Greenspan?A.We dont lie down until night.B.We dont have the sixth sense.C.We arent in direct contact with the ground.D.We dont believe the existence of monsters.3.According to Joel Greenspan, how did elephants sense the coming of the tsunami?A.They saw the tsunami first.B.They could feel the shaking in the earth.C.They were using a mysterious type of sense.D.They had the sixth sense that humans didnt have.4.What would be the best title for the passage?A.Animals, Sense of DangerB.The Amazing Animal WorldC.The Great Effect of TsunamisD.The Discovery of Sixth Sense答案语篇解读本文为说明文。动物有感知自然灾害的能力,研究人员对此做了很多研究。1.C事实细节题。本题题干意为:在亚洲海啸之前,动物们做了什么?根据第二段尤其是第二句(根据其他叙述,在灾难发生前10天之久,大象就发出尖叫声并跑向位置较高的地方。)可知答案为C项(大象提前跑向位置较高的地方。)2.C事实细节题。本题题干意为:根据Joel Greenspan所说,为什么我们人类不能像动物那样感知(灾难)?根据第四段Joel Greenspan所说的话尤其是“Animals are always in direct contact with the ground(动物总是直接接触地面)”可知答案为C项(我们人类不直接接触地面)。3.B事实细节题。本题题干意为:根据Joel Greenspan所说,大象是如何感知海啸即将来临的?根据第四段中Joel Greenspan所说的话尤其是“When it comes to sensing earthquakes and tsunamis, feeling the shakes they create in the earth is probably the key(就感知地震和海啸而言,能感觉它们在地球内部造成的晃动可能是关键)”可知答案为B项(它们能感觉到大地晃动)。4.A主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文的最佳题目是什么?本文的主题是:动物有预先感知危险来临的能力,故答案为A项(动物,感知危险)。高级语块account n.叙述tsunami n.海啸长难句“When it comes to sensing earthquakes and tsunamis, feeling the shakes they create in the earth is probably the key,” says Joel Greenspan, a colleague of John. John的一个同事Joel Greenspan说:“就感知地震和海啸而言,能感觉它们在地球内部造成的晃动可能是关键。”when it comes to.为常用结构,意为“就而论”。Passage 2(2019湖南六校联考,D) 词数:309“Chinas future high-speed trains might be self-driving, with a top speed of around 600 kilometers per hour and an adjustable interior(内部)and entertainment systems with the high-speed Internet,” said a senior engineer on Monday.Fuxing, which debuted on the line connecting Beijing and Shanghai, has an operating speed of 350 km/hthe worlds fastest. It now serves a dozen major cities, from Chengdu, Sichuan Province, to Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, according to the China Railway Corporation.“Chinese scientists are developing a new model of Fuxing that can adapt to different track widths and still run consistently at 400 km/h,” said Ding, officer of the corporation.“These new trains can be used effectively in Russia or countries along the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路).”“The new model will enter service within five years, about the same period needed to create and launch Fuxing. In the next 8 to 10 years, China will launch a high-speed bullet trai