语法精讲精炼,第十三讲 连词和状语从句,广州中考高分突破,考点1.并列连词的基本用法 并列连词按作用可分为表示联合、转折、选择和因果等四大类。 1.表联合关系的并列连词常见的有： (1)and意为“和,又,而,并且”。如: I like English and math.我喜欢英语和数学。 (2)not only.but also(but as well) 意为“不但而且”。如： Not only my father but also my mother likes watching TV very much. 不但我的爸爸,而且我的妈妈也非常喜欢看电视。,(3)as well as 意为“也”。如： He needs a knife as well as a piece of paper.他需要一把小刀,也需要一张纸。 (4)either.or. 意为“或或；不是就是”。either.or. 连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数和其邻近的词保持一致,即由or后面的词而定。如： Either he or I am going to have a meeting.要么他,要么我将参加会议。 (5)neither.nor. 意为“既不也不。当此词组连接两个主语时,谓语动词的用法和either.or.的用法一样,由nor后面的词而定。,如：Neither the teacher nor the students are happy.老师和学生都不开心。 (6)both.and. 意为“既又”。连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如： Both Mary and Lily are from America. 玛丽和莉莉都来自美国。 2.转折连词常见的有：but,while(而),yet,however(然而)。如： He likes sports,but he only watches them on TV.他喜欢体育,但是只在电视上观看。 My sister was doing her homework while I was playing computer games. 我的妹妹在做作业,而我在玩电脑游戏。,3.选择连词常见的有：or,otherwise。如： Would you like tea or coffee? 你要茶还是咖啡？ Hurry up,otherwise we cant catch the bus. 快点,否则我们赶不上车。 重要的句型： 祈使句+or.=if you dont.,youll. 意为“请,否则”。如： Dont go out,or you will catch a cold. 请不要出去,否则你会感冒的。,4.因果连词常见的有:for,so和therefore等。其中for引导的句子不表示直接原因,而是用来附带解释或说明前一句的情况,只用在句中,前后两个句子用逗号隔开。如： Youd better put on your sweater,for its cold outside. 你最好穿上毛衣,外面冷。 My father is waiting for me,so I have to go. 爸爸在等我,所以我要走了。 It is going to rain,therefore we have to put off the match. 要下雨了,因此我们不得不推迟比赛。,考点2.从属连词 引导状语从句的从属连词 (1)连接时间状语从句的从属连词有：since,until,after,before,when,while,as,as soon as,whenever,ever since等。如： His father came back home while he was watching TV.他在看电视的时候,他爸爸回家了。 (2)连接让步状语从句的从属连词有：although,though,even if,however等。如： The old man plays sports every morning, although he is over 70 years old. 虽然那个老人70多岁了,但他每天早晨都锻炼身体。,(3)连接原因状语从句的从属连词有：as,because,since,now that等。如： Lets go to a movie,since we are free now. 既然现在我们有时间,那去看电影吧。 (4)连接目的状语从句的从属连词有：that,so that,in order that等。如： Mr.Black ran fast in order that he could catch the train. 布莱克先生为了赶火车而快跑。,(5)连接条件状语从句的从属连词有：if,unless,once,in case等。如： Her father wont buy her a present unless she gets good grades.除非她取得好成绩,不然她爸爸不会给她买礼物的。 (6)连接结果状语从句的从属连词有：so.that,such.that等。如： This movie was so boring that we were sleepy. 这场电影如此无聊,以至于我们都困了。,考点3.状语从句的时态(主将从现类) 1.用法：if(如果),as soon as(一就),until(直到才),when(当时),before(在之前),after(在.之后),unless(除非)等词连接的时间、条件或让步状语从句时,主句用将来时(有时候是祈使句),从句用一般现在时表将来时。 2.标志词：as soon as,when,if,until,unless,as long as,before,after,even if等。 如：We wont go out(主句)if it is rainy tomorrow (从句).如果明天下雨,我们将不会外出。,As soon as I arrive in Beijing(从句),I will give you a call(主句). 我一到北京,就会给你电话。 She wont go to bed until her mother comes back. 直到她妈妈回来,她才去睡觉。 I wont write to you before you write to me. 在你写信给我前,我不会写信给你的。 I will leave the company unless it offers me more money. 除非公司给我加工资,否则我就离开。,语法选择(连词),People all over the world celebrate the New Year._,not all countries celebrate in the same way,and in some countries,the New Year doesnt begin on the same date every year. In many countries,the New Year begins on 1st January,_people start celebrating on 31st December,New Years Eve.In New York many people go to celebrate in Times Square. _theyre waiting for the New Year,they listen to music,sing traditional songs and have,1,2,3,fun.Just _12 oclock,everyone counts down from 10：10,9,8._its 12 oclock,everyone shouts very loudly,“Happy New Year!” New Years Day is often a family day.Some families get together for a special meal._ the weather is fine,many families go out for a walk. On New Years Day,many people make resolutions for the New Year.They write down a list of things,such as “I will help out more with housework.I will work harder at school than,4,5,6,others.”_“I wont spend so much time playing video games.”_they have made their list,they read it to their family or friends and promise to follow their resolutions. _it doesnt matter_they celebrate,for people in countries all over the world,its a time to say goodbye to the old year,and to welcome the new. ( )1.A.So B.However C.Because D.Also ( )2.A.if B.even though C.but D.before ( )3.A.Because B.Since C.As soon asD.While,7,8,9,10,B,C,D,( )4.A.before B.after C.when D.while ( )5.A.As soon as B.Before C.Just before D.Since ( )6.A.As soon as B.When C.Before D.Even though ( )7.A.and B.but C.or D.so ( )8.A.Even though B.So C.While D.When ( )9.A.So B.But C.And D.Or ( )10.A.what B.how C.when D.where,A,A,B,C,D,A,B,