2017年高考英语总动员,“七选五”阅读,6.技巧点拨,【1】,6.技巧点拨,【2】,“通读全文、详读段落、定位选项、通读复检、确定排除”五步骤解题法。,快速浏览文章，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段(开门见 山)及末段(结尾总结)。,找到主题句，把握文章结构特点及主要内容。,仔细阅读各个段落,在短时间内圈定线索词,并找出每段写作内容的关键词。,明确各段的主题句或主旨大意，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。,明确选项含义，抓住关键词 语，筛选选项填入文中，注意句中的衔接标志词。特别提醒：检查文章内容是否完整，语意是否连贯合理，段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切。,确保文章的写作线 索、写作思路的连 贯，使文章的每个 段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一个有机的整体。防止文章写作线索中断或前后矛盾。,将所选答案代入文中，通读全文，再次检查文章内容是否完整，语意是否连贯合理,各段落内容是否紧扣主题,语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切。,判断和确定选择的答案是否正确,尤其通过认真分析、仔细甄别、排除强干扰项得出正确选项。,检查完之后，应再次查看所排除选项，进一步确定排除理由。,防止造成易混选项的误选。,解答七选五题目时，首先要快速阅读全文，重点注意首尾段、首尾句以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的句子，目的是掌握文章的主要内容。但是由于文章空缺了五处，而且有的地方空缺的是几句话甚至是一整段，文章的整个结构和逻辑是被打断了的，考生在短时间内掌握文章要点或逻辑思路是很困难的。对此，考生可以通过关注文章挖空所在的位置，利用相应的策略来找到适当的选项回填入文。 通过总结近几年的全国卷可以看出，七选五命题的焦点位置首选段中，出现频率最高，其次是段首，然后是段尾。,焦点位置1：段中 挖空位置如果在段中，则所填句子的含义应与前句、后句保 持一致。因此，考生在做题时要学会瞻前顾后，关注体现出 的前后逻辑关系和语意。再细分一下，常见的有两类考查方 式： (1)无关联词类：无法依据个别关键词，只能依据前后完整的 语境和句意推断出合理的答案选项。,Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences._ Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. ALearn to really trust yourself. BIt is putting confidence in someone. CStop regarding yourself as the victim. DRemember that you can expect the best in return. ETheyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.,B,FThis knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. GSeeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened. 【解析】 第一句Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.(信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得行为。)是对trust的解释。选项B中的it指代上文出现的trust，并且继续解释trust的含义：putting confidence in someone(对某人寄托信任)，故选B项。注意：选项B与第一句为顺承关系。,(2)有关联词类：通过一些关键的关联词汇，可以推断出所填空是强调递进关系、转折关系还是因果关系等。凭借一些体现前后句逻辑关系的关联词，来突破思维局限，突现“枯木逢春”之景。 递进关系：also，in addition，whats more，for example，in other words，second，besides等。,One is the establishment(制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production；sales；the purchase of equipment，materials and supplies；and accounting._The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. AControl includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work. BIn this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.,G,CExamples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals. DHowever，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs. EPlanning in business management has three main aspects. FIn the theory of business management，organization has two main aspects. GThe second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments. 【解析】 结合前面提到的One和后面提到的The third，可知这里是第二条，与G项中的The second可以联系起来。,转折关系：but，however，yet，otherwise，on the other hand，on the contrary，in spite of等。,Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜)Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk._Otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more serious condition. AEat your greens. BEye care should begin early in life. CThey can properly protect your eyes.,F,DStay in good shape by taking more vitamins. EParents usually dont care about their own eyesight. FAlways follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear. GThis frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness. 【解析】 knowhow类说明文中otherwise前面往往都要交代做法，多用祈使句形式。本段的主旨句部分中又出现了safe wear这一关键词，据此不难判断出正确答案为F。,因果关系：why，because，so，for this reason，thus，for，as，since，therefore，as a result等。,Unfortunately，weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore._ Its understandable，but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there. ALearn to really trust yourself. BIt is putting confidence in someone. CStop regarding yourself as the victim. DRemember that you can expect the best in return.,E,ETheyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again. FThis knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. GSeeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened. 【解析】 选项E与上文能形成因果关系。Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.(他们曾经受过严重伤害，不能容忍这种事情再次发生。)是上一句Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.(有时候人们就是不能再信任别人。)的原因。并且与下一句Its understandable.(这是可以理解的)有顺承关系。,焦点位置2：段首 (1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读空格后内容，考生应该会发 现，通常情况下段落的中心都会出现在本段的开头部分。因此可以根据段落一致性原则，推断出该段的主题句。这对考生把握本段和理解全文是有指导性意义的。 (2)关注与后文的关系。着重阅读挖空后面的第一、二句，确定相关信息词，然后在选项中查找与之相关的内容。阅读时要学会瞻前顾后，以确定答案。,_ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better