Language,The present perfect tense,现在完成时,表示过去某一动作对现在造成的影响 过去某一动作持续到现在(可能会持续下去),past,now,future,I have lost my watch.,He has not seen this kind of food in his country.,They havent come back.,表示过去某一动作对现在造成的影响,影响,(We cant find them.),(He is surprised when he tastes it.),(I dont know the time.),past,now,future,I have lived here since I came here.,She has been in Canada for seven years.,过去某一动作持续到现在(可能会持续下去)常与since和for连用，表示持续动作或状态的词应是延续性动词.,肯定式 S + have / has + pp.,否定式 S + have / has not + pp.,疑问式 Have / Has + S + pp.?,Form of the Present Perfect Tense,回答 Yes, S + have/has. / No, S + havent/hasnt.,1. 规则动词的过去分词为-ed(与过去式相同),talk- live- study- plan-,past participle 过去分词,talked - talked,lived - lived,studied - studied,planned - planned,原形 过去式 过去分词,2 不规则动词的过去分词,A - A - A,burn,cost,cost,hit,hit,hit,A - A - B,beat,beat,beaten,A - B - B,cost,burnt,burnt,keep,kept,kept,meet,met,met,A - B - C,be,was/were,been,do,did,done,come,came,come,A - B - A,past participle 过去分词,写出以下动词的过去分词,looked,turned,gone,brought,put,came,finished,swam,bought,cut,cried,written,thought,hit,run,stayed,tried,known,had,hurt,left,played,studied,took,got,already vs. yet,I have already bought a MP4. I have bought a MP4 already. I havent bought a MP4 yet. Have you bought a MP4 yet?,already一般用于_句，常位于句_或句_ yet一般用于_句或_句，常位于句_,肯定,中,末,否定,疑问,末,-Have you ever drunk green tea? -Yes, I have. -No, I have never drunk green tea.,ever意为_,一般用于_句 never意为_,表示否定,曾经,疑问,从不,ever vs. never,since vs. for,I have not laughed like this since my childhood. The Greeks have tried to capture our city for ten years.,We use since with (a period of time/ a point in time). We use for with (a period of time/ a point in time).,since和for有时两者可以进行同义句转换，但必须注意后面加的时间状语。,I have been here for 10 years. = I have been here since 2000. = I have been here since 10 years ago.,since + 从句 (常用一般过去时),The Greens have lived here since they moved to Beijing.,She has been this city since she came to China.,当句子包含的时间状语含有since和for时，动作必须用延续性动词。,I have bought the book for a week. I have had the book for a week.,buy是短暂性动词,have是延续性动词,非延续性动词又叫终止性动词或瞬间动词-不能和一段时间连用,延续性动词-可以和一段时间连用,They have come here for two days.,They have been here for two days.,be是延续性动词,come是短暂性动词,非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换,come -,be here,die -,be dead,buy -,have,borrow -,keep,open -,be open,close -,be closed,start / begin -,be on,join -,be a member of + 组织be in + 组织,-,Ex. A1 Where does Hans live? He _ in _. How long has he lived there? He _ _ there _ _. How long has Doris lived in Guangzhou? She _ _ here _ _ _. Where was Doris born? She _ _ _ _.,lives,Hamburg,has,since,lived,1996,has,lived,for,14,years,was,born,in,Guangzhou,have been to have gone to,曾经到过某地,已经去了某地,He has been to Beijing.,He has gone to Beijing.,（他现在已经不在北京了）,（他可能在去北京的路上，或是已到北京，反正人现在不在说话现场）,have / has been (to) have / has gone (to),-,- Where is your father? - He isnt here now. He _ _ to work.,2. - Have you travel abroad? - Yes, I _ _ to America twice.,has gone,have been,Ex. A2,Doris has lived in Shanghai for four years. She has studied at New Point Junior High School since September 2010. She has been in the Science Club since November 2011. She has been in the Volleyball Club for two months.,T / F,T / F,T / F,T / F,September 2011,现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时,I have studied History for two years. I had a History lesson yesterday. I have learnt a lot about Greek history. I read the story of the Trojan War last week.,We use (the present perfect tense/ the simple past tense) to talk about a past experience which has a connection to the present. We use (the present perfect tense/ the simple past tense) to talk about a completed action in the past.,I have lost my watch.,I lost my watch.,-,现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调与现在的关系,不能够与in1998 ,three days ago 和just now 等明确的过去的时间状语连用.,一般过去时只是表示动作是发生在过去,和现在并没有什么直接与必然的联系, 因此一般过去是可以和表示明确的过去的时间状语连用.,现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时,Read and complete,B1 Read the following conversation between the captain and a soldier from the story “The Trojan horse”. Complete it with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.,have gone,left,came,have tried,have won,have left,didnt take,B2 Complete the diary below with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.,bought,went,opened,never been,have,visited,have seen,bought,have read,1.She isnt here now because she _ the zoo. A.has been to B. have gone to C. has gone to 2.The Greens _ Guilin twice. A. have been to B. have been in C. has been in 3.Lily has made lots of friends since she _ here. A. come B. has been C. came D. coming 4.My parents _ in Beijing since 1995. A. are living B. have lived C. lived 5.His grandma _ for 2 years. died B