Section Grammar,一,二,一、用“介词+which”替换下列句子的画线词 1.The day when she arrived was Thursday. The day she arrived was Thursday. 2.July and August are the months when the weather is hot. July and August are the months the weather is hot. 3.Well put off the picnic until next week,when the weather may be better. Well put off the picnic until next week, the weather may be better.,on which,in which,by which,一,二,4.This is the hotel where they were staying. This is the hotel they were staying. 5.The Tower of London,where so many people lost their lives,is now a tourist attraction. The Tower of London, so many people lost their lives,is now a tourist attraction. 6.The reason why I came here was to be with my family. The reason I came here was to be with my family.,in which/at which,in which,for which,一,二,二、用适当的“介词+which/whom”填空 1.There used to be a time the Chinese people struggled for freedom. 2.He lives in an old room,the roof has been damaged in the storm. 3.In our class all the fifty students,only one didnt pass the exam,took part in the final exam. 4.The way one student studies might be quite different from that of another student. 5.Can you see the desk there is a book and two pens?,at/during which,of which,of whom,in which,on which,一,二,6.The man I share the room is a young teacher from college. 7.He works in a factory,at the back there is a river.,with whom,of which,Grammar:“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是一个难点,也是高考的重要考点。其使用的关系代词一般是which,whom或whose,在句中既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在学习时我们要注意以下几点: 1.关系代词的选用 在介词后作宾语的关系代词一般只有which,whose和whom。如果先行词是物,引导词用“介词+which”;如果先行词是人,则引导词用“介词+whom”;whose适用于两者。 单句填空: Water,without man cant live,is really important. 水真的很重要,没有它人就不能活。 答案:which,This is the ship by I went to Shanghai. 这是我去上海时所乘坐的船。 答案:which This is the student for I bought the book. 这是我给买书的那个学生。 答案:whom The boss in firm I worked for 10 years retired yesterday. 我供职十年的那家公司的老板昨天退休了。 答案:whose,2.介词的选用 确定“介词+关系代词”中介词的方法主要有以下四种: 1)根据定语从句中的谓语或形容词来选用 翻译句子: The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.(speak to) 翻译: 答案:和我说话的那个人起先没有回答。 The West Lake,for which Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.(be famous for) 翻译: 答案:西湖是个美丽的地方,杭州以此而闻名。,2)根据先行词来确定 单句填空: In his room,I saw a big desk which there were all kinds of books. 在他的屋子里,我看见一张上面放着各种书的大桌子。(on the table) 答案:on Yesterday we had a meeting which we discussed many problems. 昨天我们开了一个会,会上我们讨论了许多问题。(at the meeting) 答案:at,3)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定 翻译句子: Air,without which man cant live,is really important. 翻译: 答案:空气确实太重要了,没有它人类就不能生存。 4)有时需要同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和先行词的搭配关系 单句填空: The clever boy made a hole in the wall through he could see what was happening inside the house. 这个聪明的男孩在墙上挖了一个洞,通过它可以看到屋里面发生的事情。(see something through the hole) 答案:which,3.介词的位置 介词若与从句中的动词词组有关,可置于关系代词前,也可置于动词后,但若此介词与动词为固定词组,则此介词一般不前置。 翻译句子: 11Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun once lived. Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun once lived in. 翻译: 答案:昨天,我们参观了鲁迅的故居。 12This is the very pen that Im looking for. 翻译: 答案:这就是我正在寻找的那支钢笔。(look for为固定词组,介词for不前置),13The patient whom the nurse looked after was becoming better and better.(look after为固定搭配,介词after不前置) 翻译: 答案:护士照顾的那个病人正在好转。 4.在限制性定语从句中,介词前置时,关系代词不能用that,且不能省略;若介词后置,则可以用that,也可以省略。 单句填空: 14This is the school I studied 3 years ago. This is the school (which/that) I studied in 3 years ago. 这就是我三年前就读过的那所学校。 答案:in which,5.表示所属关系时,介词应用of,关系代词为which/whom,即n.+of+which/whom,可转换为whose+n.。 翻译句子: 15He lives in a room,the window of which faces west. He lives in a room whose window faces west. 翻译: 答案:他住在一个房间里,房间的窗子向西开着。 16The child was saved by a man,the name of whom was not known. The child was saved by a man,whose name was not known. 翻译: 答案:这个孩子被一位不知姓名的男子所救。,6.表示“整体中的一部分”或“中最的”,介词一般也用of。 单句填空: 17The Greens have two daughters,both are college students. 格林夫妇有两个女儿,她们都是大学生。 答案:of whom 18China has many rivers,the longest is the Yangtze River. 中国有众多河流,最长的是长江。 答案:of which,