模式2|主旨大意题炼3命5-吴2Q薄.疤忡槲确定标题概括全文主题概括段落大意写作目的标题是文章的题目,它不是主题,但限定主题的苑围,可表达主题,是对主题的提炼和浓缩,表现形式多为短语,尤其是名词短语。主题是文章的中心思想,是作者所要表达的中心意思,有的直接出现在文中,有的需通过绊台全文沥内守概括归纳得出。段落大意是指段文章常由多个段落组成,共同支撑全文主题,但每段又分述不同作者写文章的目的有三个:toexpressones余elings,attitudeandideas;toaffcctTeadefs;toinformreaders。可细分为tointroduce,describe,explain,氧仪口,analyzeexpiess,conyey,3fgue,encourage,DIaise,criticize,adyocate等。【黜技左1细读文章或段落的首句、中间句和尾句,主题往往就在这些地方出现。2,特别关注however,but等表示转折的信息词,主题很可能就在这类词的后面出现。3,表示结论性的信息词如so,thus,therefore等后面通常会出现主题旬。4,对记叙文要会根据所述事件进行归纳概捕,领会其寓意主题。5标题是对主题句的高度概捕,用词更少,简明扼要,有时聋形逐化的|语句。契例(2015:江苏高考BIntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell一phonesrethroTamaneacb7o8rC史一phoresarepofaf8gromingmountainfelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistantsTheelectronicwastestreamiincreasingthreetimes圣sterthantraditionalgarbagea5WMElectronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchsgoldandslyerASwissstudyTeportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalsWasTehtivelysmalliacomparisontototalwaste,theconcentration(含量)ofgoldandotherpreciousmel一W8shighef0SC一28lled5“Wase1ai0rallyoccurringImminefalsElectronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousImetalsEvenwhentlemachinesareecycledandthearmfulmetalsTemoyed,theTecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountriss.训ractiallyuncontrolledWayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoeScapeintoteenvironment.CreatingproductsoutofTaWImaterialscreatesmiuchmoreWasteImaterial,Upto100timesmoretlanthematerialcontained训thefinishedproductsConsideragainthecell一phone,andimaginetheminesthatproduced乙osemetals,乞ectoriesneededtomake从;bCtan458张46n3勾茹)cams训Manslesproduced记tproducingprocessareharmfulasWelLTheU,SEnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostWasteidangerous训that“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts一aswellasmanagementoftheresultingWaste一屹Tesultingreenhousegasrelegse“IndividualscanTedueetheircontributionDVcrsaslessWasie%f从3sart-forinaanlc3,buyingTeusableProductsandrecycling.InmanycountriesthsconceptofextendedproducerTesponsibilityibeingconsideredorbasbeenput讨place5anincentive(动机)forreducingwastefProducersareTequiedtotakebuckpackeginetheyusetoselLthsiroroducts,WouldtheyTeducethepackagingiiheffrstplace?GovermmentsincentivetoTequireprodueefstotakeTesponsibilityforthepackagingtbeyproduceiUSuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap(气泡基)tatencasedYourtelevision?FromthegovemminspoitfisW,aTnimary50al吊aTequiringextendedProducerTesponsib让ty许totransferbothtbecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityot沥