,定语从句,课堂要点提示： 定义； 关系词分类； 关系词的基本用法和注意点； 介词+which/ whom引导的定语从句； 关系副词when、where和why的用法； 用that不用which等考点归纳。,定语从句必须掌握的概念：,什么是定语/定语从句？ 什么是先行词？ 引导定语从句的连词有哪些？做题时如何选择？,定语：用来修饰限制名词，说明名词或代词的性质或特征。,限制性定语从句, 与先行词间的关系非常密切, 如果去掉, 则意思含混不清。 非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用, 只是对先行词作些附加说明, 即使去掉, 主句的意思依然清楚。在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开, 如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间, 其前后都需要用逗号隔开。,先行词：,2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的n.或pron. 有时候，在非限制性定语从句中，整个主句也可以做先行词。,3.引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。,关系代词6个：,that: which: who: whom: whose: as:,作主、宾或表；指代sb.或sth.,作主或宾；指代sth.,作主、宾或表；指代sb.,作宾语；指代sb.,作定语；指代sb.或sth.,作主、宾或表；指代sb.或sth.,关系副词3个：,when: where: why:,作时间状语,作地点状语,作原因状语,第三类引导词：,介词+which/ whom,介词+whose+n.,课内重难点探究,快读、快写、快背！老师马上检查！,15分钟,具体要点：,用that 不用which的情况(6种)； 用which不用 that的情况(2种)； which和as引导非限制性定语从句； whose的用法及转换形式； 介词+which/ whom中介词的选择；,1) whose必须后面接_，而后再接从句； 2) 在定语从句中，whose+n. =the +n. +_ _/ _ = _ _/ _ +the +n.,名词,of which whom,of which whom,介词+which/ whom只引导定语从句，其中介词的选择遵循的原则是_.,一先、二动、三意义,2,3,4,5,6,(1) Patience _ you cant do the work well , is a kind of quality. A. without which B. with which C. in which D. without that (2) He paid the boy 10 for washing ten windows, _(其中大多数) hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. (3) He reads an article every day after dinner, _, I think, is a good habit.,用which不用that的情况,most of which,which,which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别:,(1) _ is known to everyone, the moon travels around the earth once every month. (2) He won the game, _ made us excited.,As,which,whose的用法及转换形式：,She hesitated to buy the blouse _（其价格）had been higher than expected. 分析：在该题目的空格处还可填写_/_/_,whose price,the price of which,of which the price,Thats the reason _ he was late for school. This is the book _ I spent 8 yuan.,for which,介词+which/ whom,on which,先行词,谓语动词,介词+which/ whom,(1)In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. in which B. to whom C. with which D. of whom (2)The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _ up to half will be from abroad. A. in which B. to whom C. with which D. of whom (3)Lincoln, _ life was once hard ,were elected President of American. A. for whom B. who C. to whom D. which,句意,6.关系副词与介词+which的转换； 7.定语从句的谓语动词和_保 持一致； 8. way和time作先行词时的关系词选择； 9.在定语从句中as的用法；,先行词,6.,7,8,9,10,(1)Is this the house _/_ _ Shakespeare was born? (2)Do you remember the afternoon _/_ _ we first met three years ago? (3)The reason _/_ _ he was late was that he missed the train.,关系副词与介词+which的转换,where,in,which,when,on,which,why,for,which,定语从句的谓语动词，应和先行词保持人称和数的一致：,I, who _ your friend, will help you. one of+n.(_)+关系词+谓语动词_ the only/ first/ best one+ of+n(_)+关系词+谓语动词_ (1)The Great Wall is one of the great buildings that_visitors. (2)The Great Wall is the only one of the great buildings that_ visitors. ( draw/draws),am,复数,复数,复数,单数,draw,draws,The way_ he explained at the meeting was easy. I hate the way _ you treat him.,way和time作先行词时的关系词,that,/ which,/ 不填,in which,that /,/ 不填,总结,the way 从句缺宾语用_ _ 或_ the way 从句缺状语用_ _或_ the way 从句缺主语用_ _,that,which,省略不填,that,in which,省略不填,that,which,定语从句中as的用法：,as引导_从句，在从句中作_； that引导_从句，在从句中_. He is so lovely a boy such a lovely boy _ we like him. _ we like.,定语,主语、宾语或者表语,结果状语,不做成分,that,as,10.特别强调： 1)定语从句的省略：在定语从句中，that、which、who或whom作_时可以省略。 但是在非限制性定语从句中，which、who、whom不能省略，在介词+which/ whom中，which或whom不能省略。 2) 所有从句都得用_语序；所有从句的引导词都在_中作成分。,宾语,陈述,从句,3) 在定语从句中，有一类词表示模糊地点，如：point(地步)，situation(情况、情形)，case(情况，情形)，scene(场景、境地)，position(位置；职位)，activity(活动)，job(工作)等等。 4) 切记：选择关系代词还是关系副词不是取决于先行词是什么样的名词，而是取决于先行词在定语从句中所充当的成份。,They have reached the point _ they have to separate with each other. There is one point _ we must insist on,where,that,/ which,/ 不填,I still remember the day (1)_ I first came to Beijing. (2)_ I spent with you in Beijing.,when,which,that,/不填,重点句型分析：,1. What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it. 2. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help. 3. As is known to everyone, the moon travels around the earth once every month. 4. They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 5. He came here very late, which was unexpected.,重点句型分析：,6. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about ? 7. Ill never forget