新东方在线昆明学习服务中心08715645640 13987653844考研英语语法精讲讲义北京新东方学校国内部 屠皓民总述1. 考研语法的重要性2. 考研语法有哪些 简单句 20% 并列句 10% 三大从句 60% 特殊句法 10%3. 考研语法怎么考直接考查 （1）完形填空 The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener _ interfere with his comprehension. A. who B. as C. which D. what分析：The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener _ interfere with his comprehension.used by the speaker 分词结构充当 the words 的 修饰定语；句子的主体结构为 the words may stir up unfavorable reactions；填空部分引导从句修饰名词reactions（2）书面表达语言多样化The boy is standing there. He was praised by the teacher. The boy who was praised by the teacher is standing there. 间接考查（1）理解阅读理解文章，对比选项帮助理解阅读理解People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.”句子主体： People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” （2）分析翻译部分长句完成翻译考题中的句子分析Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. 语言考点：部分倒装+定语从句第一讲 定语从句It is Liu Yinan. Liu Yinan likes playing volleyball.用who替代指代人的相同名词who引导的句子放在相同名词的后面It is Liu Yinan who likes playing volleyball. （who代替Liu Yinan）He enjoys reading newspapers. Newspapers can tell him a lot of knowledge. 用which替代指代物的相同名词which引导句子放在相同名词的后面He enjoys reading newspapers which can tell him a lot of knowledge.(which替代newspapers)The boy is my brother. He helped me. = The boy who helped me is my brother. This is the mountain village.I visited it last year. = This is the mountain village which/that I visited last year.定语从句： 用who/which/that等关系代词引导一个句子修饰前面的名词The factory is over there. My father worked in it ten years ago. = The factory which my father worked in ten years ago is over there. The factory in which my father worked ten years ago is over there. His father died that year.He was born in that year.= His father died that year which he was born in. His father died that year in which he was born. I cannot forget the day My family moved into the city on that day.= I cannot forget the day which my family moved into the city on. I cannot forget the day on which my family moved into the city.His father died that year in which he was born. in which= in whichHis father died that year when he was born. I cannot forget the day on which my family moved into the city.I cannot forget the day when my family moved into the city.The factory in which my father worked ten years ago is over there.The factory where my father worked ten years ago is over there.定语从句： 用who/which/that等关系代词 和where/when等关系副词 引导一个句子修饰前面的名词第二讲 定语从句的拆分Have you heard of a pig that is nearly as smart as a human being?从句部分： that is nearly as smart as a human beingAn elephant and a mouse fell in love with each other, which is most unusual.从句部分： which is most unusual 非限定性定语从句定语从句类型非限定性定语从句 He got the first prize, which is out of my expectation.限定性定语从句 Have you finished the work that the teacher asked?I have a sister who is a nurse.I have a sister, who is a nurse. 区别：【1】从句作用不同【2】翻译方式不同The speed at which Chinas economy has been growing in the past decade is remarkable.从句部分： at which Chinas economy has been growing in the past decade拆分步骤 1. 圈定句中动词 2. 圈定句中关系代词或关系副词 3. 动词1+ 关系词+动词2 关系词 + 动词1 + 动词2The child whose parents died in the car crash was left in the care of his grandparents.The first case of bird flu that was reported in Thailand captured the attention of officials from WHO.She has the confidence with which she can overcome every obstacle that she may come across in her life.第三讲 定语从句的省略句子主体构成The teacher praised the boy. 主 谓 宾The man is the professor of the university. 主 系 表I know the girl who comes from Beijing.I know the boy who was praised by the teacher.The book which is related to the development has been published recently.当关系词在从句中充当主语时，可以省略，后面的动词发生形式变化 主动语态时，动词变成-ING形式 被动语态时，动词保留过去分词形式I know the girl who comes from BJ. I often like reading short novels which were written by Hemingway. I often like reading short novels written by Hemingway. I raise a dog which is named KING. * I raise a dog named KING.I believe the candidate who made the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support.*I believe the candidate making the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support. I know the boy who was praised by the teacher.The book which is related to the development has been published recently.They lived in a house facing the south. = They lived in a house which faced the south.The workers working in the factory are well-