Unit 3Inventors and inventions话题词汇1breakthrough n突破；重大进展2convenience n便利；方便3electronic adj.电子的4intelligent adj.智能的5invention n发明；创造6technical adj.技术的；工艺的7be in the lead领先8follow the fashion追随时尚9in the field of science在科学领域10with the development of 随着的发展话题佳作假设你是李华，你的朋友Jim来信询问有关车轮的情况。请你根据下表所提供的信息给他写一封回信，简要介绍车轮的发明及其影响，并谈一谈你对车轮的看法。最早出现时间大约6 500年前最早出现地点亚洲发展由仅用于运输重物发展为用于轮式车辆；由木制发展为钢制影响使人可以快速搬动大大超过自身重量的物体；促成多种技术的发展与进步佳作欣赏Dear Jim，Im happy to receive your letter.Now Id like to talk about the wheel.Researchers have proved that the first wheel was invented about 6,500 years ago in Asia.At first，it was only a tool invented to help people transport heavy things till it became a part of a vehicle.The material of making the wheel has changed from wood to steel.It not only makes it possible for people to move the things much heavier than themselves quickly but also helps with the development of several kinds of technologies.I believe the invention of the wheel also makes the development of human society faster.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua名师点睛本文结构如下：1.指出说明对象车轮的发明。2.围绕要点进行说明：(1)最早出现的时间及地点；(2)制作材料与用途的发展变化；(3)对世界的影响。3.个人评价。文中不仅出现了宾语从句、时间状语从句、过去分词短语作定语、it作形式宾语等复杂句式，还使用了at first，not only.but also等过渡性词汇，使文章条理清晰，读起来更加流畅。A写作必记单词1convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的(1)Please come to my assistance if it is convenient for you.(填代词)Please come to my assistance at your convenience.(同义句转换)(2)The office is furnished with all modern conveniences(便利设施)2passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的3seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺；(疾病)侵袭(1)The child was seized with a light fever.这个孩子有点发烧。(2)He seized the pickpocket by the collar.(填介词)4file n文件；档案；文件夹；vt.提交；将归档5freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的freezing cold极冷的burning hot炽热的6bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担(1)He cant bear being laughed/to be laughed(laugh) at.(2)Bear in mind(记住) that success comes from hard work.7current n(水或气)流；电流；adj.现在的；当前的currency n货币；通货8associate vt.联想；联系；n.同伴；伙伴He was associated with the murder，so he was arrested.(同义句转换)Associated with the murder，he was arrested.Associating himself with the murder，he was arrested.9practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的practice vt.& vi.& n实践；练习B阅读识记单词10distinguish vi.& vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别(1)distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的；高贵的；有尊严的(2)Distinguished for his knowledge of economics，he was elected as head of the economic school.(填介词)(3)Its important to distinguish right from wrong.(填介词)11merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的out of mercy出于仁慈at the mercy of任由摆布show mercy to/have mercy on同情12product n产品produce vt.生产13abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地14caution n小心；谨慎(1)cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的(2)with caution小心地15expectation n预料；期待；期望(1)beyond ones expectation出乎某人的预料(2)People select news in expectation of (期望；等待) a reward.(2015江苏)16merry adj.愉快的；高兴的merrily adv.高兴地；愉快地17valid adj.有效的；确凿的18ripe adj.熟的；成熟的19identification n鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明identify vt.确认；识别；鉴别identified adj.被识别的；经鉴定的20innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence n清白；无罪；天真21dynamic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的22tap vt.& vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲；n.轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头23stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的stability n稳定；安定；稳定性24extension n电话分机；扩大；延伸25competence n能力；胜任；本领competent adj.能胜任的；有能力的；称职的1call up给打电话ring back回复电话ring off挂断电话2now and then偶尔；有时3set about (doing) 开始(做)；着手(做)set out (to do)开始(做)4dive into迅速把手伸入；一心投入5hang on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住hang up挂断电话6out of order次序颠倒；发生故障in order按顺序；井然有序7get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过1Prepared with some research findings，I decided on three possible approaches：.经过一番研究准备之后，我决定了三种可能的方法：2But once picked up，they tried to bite me.但是它们一旦被捡起来，就试图咬我。3Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你获得那种认证之后，你才能说你是一个真正的发明者。4Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。用法点拨“祈使句and/or/otherwise陈述句”为常见句型。该结构中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。在该句型中，祈使句有时也可用名词短语表示。Work hard，and you will succeed.(同义句转换)Working hard，you will succeed.If you work hard，you will succeed.教材与语法填空When the writer called up her mother in the countryside 1.on the phone，she learned that snakes came near their house and that the snakes 2.seemed(seem) to have made their home there.The writer felt proud and considered 3.it a chance for her to distinguish herself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.She set about 4.researching(research) the habits of snakes.She decided to cool them so that they could be easily caught.5.However，her first two plans were not successful.As 6.a result，she had to attempt a 7.third time，which helped her fulfill her aim 8.successfully(success).9.Pressed(press) by her friends and relations，she decided to send her 10.invention(invent) to the patent office to get recognition for