有提示词类必考点(三)词性转换、比较等级及其他技法一 形容词性物主代词、 形容词、冠词、介词或及物动词(短语)后要用名词1.(2018全国卷)This switch has decreased (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.解析：pollutiondecrease“降低，减少”，为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，pollute的名词形式是pollution。2(2018全国卷)My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.解析：scientist第二句句意：我是一名研究动物的科学家，例如类人猿和猴子。冠词后用名词，此处表示科学家，故填scientist。3(2017全国卷)This development was only possible with the (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.解析：introduction空格前是定冠词the，空格后是of所有格，故此处用名词形式。4(2017全国卷)She is determined to carry on with her (educate)解析：education形容词性物主代词her 应该修饰名词， educate 的名词形式是education。5(2016全国卷)But for tourists like me, pandas are its top (attract)解析：attraction句意：但是对于像我这样的旅行者，熊猫是它(成都)最吸引人的东西。根据前面的its及形容词top“头等的；最重要的”可知，后面跟名词形式。attraction“有吸引力的事物”。6(2016全国卷)Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of (achieve)解析：achievement介词of后应用名词作宾语。此处achievement 表抽象意义，a sense of achievement意为“成就感”，故用单数形式。7(2019湖北七市联考)Flowering in May, peonies large petals and strong colors are linked to prosperity and (rich) in traditional Chinese culture.解析：richness空前and一词决定其前后单词词性相同，and前prosperity(繁荣)是名词，所以空处应该也是名词，形容词rich的名词形式是richness。8(2018武汉市武昌区调研)In fact, it must have a hard struggle to get its (free) from the cocoon.解析：freedom空处前面是形容词性物主代词its，形容词性物主代词后面要接名词，所以填名词freedom。9(2018合肥市第一次教学质量检测)Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect biological system, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism. 解析：combination由前面的形容词creative和后面的of可知，此处应用combine的名词形式。10(2018江西五校第一次联考)The United Nations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs are a threat to human (healthy)解析：health介词后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。human health意为“人类健康”，作介词to的宾语。技法二 表示两个(或两个以上)的可数名词，并列名词或谓语动词为复数形式时，名词需用复数形式1.(2018全国卷) Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause)解析：causes此处表示：每天仅仅跑510 分钟就能降低所有原因导致的心脏病和早逝的风险。cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all修饰，故填cause的复数形式。2(2018浙江高考)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.解析：dishes句意：我认识的人似乎很少渴望做饭或有时间做饭。做中国菜被认为是尤其麻烦。名词dish作“菜肴”解时是可数名词，此处表示泛指，故应填dish的复数形式。3(2017全国卷)This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.解析：effectsside effect表示“副作用”，为可数名词短语，前面有some修饰。因此用复数形式。4(2017全国卷)She has turned down several (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析：invitationsinvitation表示“邀请”，是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。5(20176月浙江高考)Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small (carrot) and was about to throw them away.解析：carrotscarrot是可数名词，根据a handful of“一把，几个”可知，设空处应用复数形式，表示拔出了一把小胡萝卜。6(2016全国卷)The nursery team switches him every few (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, the other is with mum she never suspects.解析：daysevery few可数名词复数，意为“每隔”。7(2018福州期末)A hutong is an ancient city street typical in Beijing.Surrounding the Forbidden City, many were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing (dynasty)解析：dynasties根据该句中的“Yuan, Ming and Qing”可知，该处指三个朝代，dynasty为可数名词，故该处用复数形式。8(2018日照联考)Some other (museum) across the country, such as the National Museum of China, are inspired by the Palace Museums efforts and are working on similar projects of their own.解析：museums由空前的“Some other”可知，此处应用可数名词museum的复数形式。下文的“are inspired by .”也提示此处用名词复数。9(2018福州四校联考)I have noticed how the music can change ones view, and am thankful for the way musicians work to the best of their (able) to provide this music for their audience.解析：abilities根据空格前的their可知，空处应用名词形式，且ability作“能力”讲时为可数名词，结合语境可知，应用其复数形式，故填abilities。to the best of ones ability“竭尽全力”。10(2018河北五个一名校联盟二模)The site is constantly updated with news, often about exciting (finding) that change how we view the world.解析：findingsfinding为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且定语从句中谓语动词为“change”，为复数概念，所以应用复数形式。11(2018广西桂林百色模拟)Third, the painting is highly detailed and features shops of all kinds and different economic (activity) in and out of the city.解析：activitiesactivity“(为兴趣、娱乐或达到一定目的而进行的)活动”为可数名词，常用复数，根据空前的“different”可知，空格处用名词的复数形式。12(2019陕西质量检测)Like many other (university) at that time, the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis.解析：universities句意：和当时的其他许多大学一样，早期的哈佛大学经常遭遇金融危机。university为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学”，故该处用