English Basic Tenses (时态),他每天都来。 他昨天来了. 他已经来了. 他明天来. 汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.,He came yesterday.,He has come.,He will come tomorrow.,He comes every day.,英语的常见时态：,do(第三人称单数does),动词过去式did,will (shall)动词原形,be going to动词原形,be about to动词原形,be to动词原形,would动词原形,will (shall)be现在分词,am (is, are)现在分词,was (were)现在分词,have (has)过去分词,had过去分词,have (has)been现在分词,always, usually, often, sometimes, every., twice a week 等,yesterday, the day before yesterday, the other day, last., .ago 等,tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next., in.等,at eight (this time) tomorrow 等,时间状语 now, during these days,或 look, listen 等引起注意的词语,at eight (this time) yesterday 等,already, just, yet, since., for.等,by., before.等,for., since.等,多用于间接引语的宾语从句中,导入之一：How is your daily life as a high school student?,( using 3 sentences or more,使用实意动词 和系动词, 注意动词形式变化),2. 用法: 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如often, usually, always, every day/year, sometimes, on Sunday等。,2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理。 The earth moves around the sun.,I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.,一、 一般现在时 (The Simple Present tense ) 1. 结构: do/does,3）表示主语的特征、性格、能力等 Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. Mary speaks both English and French very well.,4）按计划、规定，时间表(如汽车、飞机、会议)等将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 一般用于be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等位移/终止性动词，常与时间状语连用 The train leaves at three this afternoon. The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.,6）在部分倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。 There goes the bell. =The bell is ringing. Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming.,5）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将从现。 If it_ (be) fine tomorrow ,we _ (go) to the countryside. If he _ (come) this afternoon，we _ (have) a meeting.,is,will go,comes,will have,1.Not everyone (like) watching TV now. 2.This pair of shoes (sell) well. 3.The teacher told us the light (travel) at 300,000 kilometers a second. 4.Bill and Tom are hard-working students .They never (leave) todays work for tomorrow. 5.Ill tell him about it as soon as he (come) back.,Have a try,likes,sells,travels,leave,comes,Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always _(play) football and basketball together and we _ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time.,spent,played,didnt,were,导入之二：How did you spend your childhood?,二、一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense ) 1. 结构: 谓动用动词过去式 (V-ed) 2. 用法: 在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。,1.-Look! Someone has spilt （溢出）coffee on the carpet（地毯）. -Well , it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been 2.He (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. (11广东）,B,pretended,1)表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态,2) 用一般过去时表示过去经常发生的动作 (也可用 “used to do”或 “would do” 代替)。 During the vacation she often swam / would swim / used to swim in the sea. I used to smoke.,注意：used to 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。 would 注重过去习惯性发生的动作。,1.At the end of the meeting, the headmaster (give) us a talk. 2.Listen! The radio says a serious accident _ (happen) last night. 3.-Have you taken the medicine yet? - Yes, I (take) just now. 4.The rooms of library are clean. The boys _ (sweep) them yesterday. 5.I was going home when I (meet) an old friend.,gave,happened,took,swept,met,Have a try,犹如,picture,导入之三：How will you spend your National holiday? I will Im going to,三. 一般/过去将来时,表示将来时的四种形式 will / shall + 动词原形 be going to do be about to do be to do,1. be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而will表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。 -The telephone is ringing. -I _ answer it. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 2. be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。 而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! It _ rain.,is going to,3. be to 表示因约定、计划，职责、义务要求即将发生的动作, 或客观安排或受人指示而做某事。 be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.,4be about to do 表示“正要干什么”， 1)表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。 2)常与when 连用，when 此时意思： 就在这时，是并列连词. 3)构成句型： be about to do when. was / were doing when be on the point of doingwhen had just done sthwhen e.g. I was about to leave when it rained.,导入之五：What are they doing now? They are having a class.,五. 现在/过去进行时,1表示(现在/过去)说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态 I dont really work here. Im helping until the new secretary comes. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change,be (am, are, is)+ doing,2. 表示(过去)目前这段时间内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。,She _ (learn) piano under Mr. Smith at present.,is learning,3.与always，constantly(不断地；时常地), usually, frequently, all the time等连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。如：,He is always helping