Trends and Needs in Food Diagnostics,Larissa Kahr - BIT, Austria Malin Brnnback - TEKES, Finland Gabriela von Blankenfeld-Enkvist - TEKES, Finland,Aim of the Study,Investigate technological trends and needs in Food Diagnostics Understand the factors that shape and influence the development of this field.,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Focus,Background on food safety management tools Description of the methods currently used and new methods developed The market for food diagnostics,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Definitions,Food Diagnostics applies modern methods developed in human in vitro diagnostic to food Rapid Methods comprises different types of tests Miniaturised biochemical kits Antibody-based tests Nucleic acid hybridisation-based tests Manual, semi-automated or fully automated,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Detection,Bacteria, viruses, parasites, chemicals, biotoxins, heavy metals and prions In all steps of the food chain - from raw materials to end products,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Food as test matrix,Extremely varied in its chemical composition Contains many different ingredients Might contain an intrinsic microbial flora,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Frame Food Safety,Process control is more efficient than product control The safety of a product with low defect rates cannot be guaranteed through sampling and testing,The focus is changing from end-product testing to HACCP This has to be considered when developing new methods within the conceptual frame of food safety,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Microbiological methods can be divided into “traditional” or “conventional” methods and rapid methods,Conventional Methods,Conventional methods rely on culturing microorgansims onto agar plates Laborious and time-consuming 84% of all tests arebased on counting viable cells Required by national and international regulatory agencies for official control,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Rapid Methods,Advantages in analysis time Possibility to eliminate labour intensive steps Potential for automation However, lengthy incubation procedures are still necessary First one-shift methods under development ELISA and PCR are dominating Lack of a common validation procedure Mostly not accepted for official control purposes,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Methods,Advances in Viable Cell Count Methods Miniaturisation and Diagnostic Kits, Biochemical Identification Techniques Antibody-based methods Immunomagnetic Separation Nucleic acid-based assays Biosensors Microarrays Flow Cytometry Bacteriophage-Based Techniques ATP bioluminescence Adenylate kinase bioluminescence Riboprinting and Pulse-Field Gel Electrophoresis,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Viable cell counting,Will remain important for the assessment of safety and quality of food products development of semi-automated alternative methods new methods are based on growth and metabolic activity Microscopic methods flow cytometry and cell sorting (FACS),Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Immunoassays,ELISA (with dipstick technology), Immunochromatography Fully automated systems already on the market New recombinant antibodies and molecular imprinting techniques to improve sensitivity and versatility,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Immunomagnetic Separation,Speed up enrichment steps No detection method itself Combination with different end-detection methods to improve - Speed and sensitivity - Sample throughput - User friendliness - Automation expected in the next future,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Nucleic acid based assay,Directly or after amplification with PCR Development of homogenous assays and automation improves routine use and reduces false positive results after PCR New assay formats under development,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Biosensors and Microarrays,On-line or on-site, sensitive, low-cost, rapid methods for routine-use Prototypes under development Have high potential for automation Simple and portable equipment can be designed Applications within quality and process control, control of fermentation processes, quality and safety control of raw materials and for HACCP monitoring,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Hygiene monitoring,Need to develop real time methods to monitor cleaning procedure Methods should be cheap, robust ATP bioluminescence, Adenylate kinase, biosensor applications might be further developed,Bureau for Interna