汕头大学医学院第二附属医院 儿科教研室,Vitamin K Deficiency Vitamin K Deficiency,站,Postneonatal Vitamin K Deficiency,Postneonatal Vitamin K Deficiency occurs after a month the baby born. Vitamin K deficiency in the newborn, which can be present for a variety of reasons, causes VKDB。,Causes:,Vitamin K deficiency in the newborn, which can be present for a variety of reasons, causes VKDB。,1.Maternal medications that interfere with vitamin K stores or function, such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, barbiturates, some cephalosporins, rifampin, isoniazid, and warfarin, can result in VKDB in the infant. 2. In addition to breastfeeding, risk factors for late-onset VKDB include the following: Diarrhea、Hepatitis、Cystic fibrosis、Alpha1-antitrypin deficiency。,Causes:,Clinical Manifestations,Bleeding The most common sites of bleeding are the umbilicus, mucous membranes, GI tract, circumcision, and venipunctures.,Intracranial bleeding can occur and is the main cause of mortality and long-term morbidity.,Clinical Manifestations,Lab Studies:,PT aPTT TCT fibrinogen levels platelet count Vitamin K direct assay,站,Treatment,vitamin K Fresh frozen plasma may be considered for moderate-to-severe bleeding.,Complications:,ICH Anaphylactoid reactions to IV vitamin K Hyperbilirubinemia Hemolytic anemia,Prognosis:,In the absence of ICH, the prognosis for VKDB in an otherwise healthy infant is excellent. Prognosis after ICH depends on the extent and location of the hemorrhage. Long-term sequelae of ICH may include motor and intellectual deficits.,站,