专题八七选五说明类（90分钟 100分）考点01：冠词 3颗星考点03：介词和介词短语 2颗星考点04: 名词 3颗星 考点06：形容词和副词 5颗星考点08：非谓语动词 5颗星考点09：动词的时态和语态 5颗星考点10：定语从句 3颗星考点12 并列连词 4颗星考点13 状语从句 3颗星考点24：七选五说明文 5颗星 一、七选五1.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? _ We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. _Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about._If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent. _According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “_”A.A healthy body contributes to ones intelligence.B.Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children.C.What people want to express is like this.D.The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent.E.It needs exercise.F.You are such a smart child.G.These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.2根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps,but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within amonth.One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. We know that,while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforeing (加强) connections between brain cells,but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight,making room for fresh memories to from the next day. Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 percent smaller than those taken before sleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right,it would explain why,when we miss a nights,we find it harder the nextday to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller room for new experences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapscs become thinner.The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. You keep what matters,”Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.3.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入横线处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选。 As a child grows up,you may wonder how you can teach him to become a respectful adult. _A child who learns to respect not only learns to receive respect from others,but also learn to respect himself.Show him respect.This is the best way to teach your child how to respect others.Listen to your child attentively and he will learn to listen to you,understanding how important this is in communication._The more you say “please” and “thank you” to your child,the more likely he will learn to use them.Politeness then becomes a normal part of any conversation.Agree to disagree._Explain your decision so that he will understand you and expect respectful responses.Disagreeing with you doesnt necessarily mean disobedience (不顺从).Control your impulse to overreact.(过分反应) When a situation arises(出现),stay calm and keep in mind that you are supposed to be modeling correct behavior. _Praise,praise,praiseSo much is focused on what a child does wrong and how to correct it that his accomplishments (成绩) are not celebrated enough. _A.Teach manners by using polite requests and responses.B.Try to remember that a child wont always agree with you.C.Respect is necessary for a meaningful and successful life.D.If he sees you lose your temper,h