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Unit 4 Engine,Contents,I. New Words,II. Phrases and Expressions,III. Text Explanation,I. New Words,automobile :tmubi:l n. (美)汽车 vehicle vi:ikl n. 交通工具,车辆 gasoline gsli:n n. 汽油 diesel di:zl n. 柴油,柴油机 combustion kmbstn n.燃烧 piston pistn n.活塞 cylinder silind n.气缸 valve vlv n.阀,阀门,气门 crankshaft krk:ft n.曲轴 flywheel flaiwi:l n. 飞轮 sprocket sprkit n. 链齿轮 chain tein n. 链,锁链,链条,II. Phrases and Expressions,internal combustion engines 内燃机 four-stroke cycle 四冲程循环 intake stroke 进气冲程 compression stroke 压缩冲程 power stroke 做功冲程 exhaust stroke 排气冲程 top dead center (TDC) 上止点,II. Phrases and Expressions,combustion chamber 燃烧室 reciprocating motion 往复运动 valve lash 气门间隙 thermostat 节温器 radiator 散热器 oil pan 油底壳 oil gallery 润滑油通道,机油道,III. Text Explanation,Fig.2-1 The four strokes cycle(四行程发动机的工作循环) a) intake(进气)b) compression(压缩)c) power(做功)d) exhaust(排气) 1fuel air intake(燃料和空气进入) 2intake valve opens(进气门打开) 3piston at bottom dead center(活塞位于下止点) 4fuel air compression valves are closed(进、排气门关闭,燃油和空气被压缩) 5piston at top dead center(活塞位于上止点) 6ignition or combustion of fuel air(燃油和空气被点燃并燃烧) 7exhaust (排气) 8exhaust valve opens(排气门打开),III. Text Explanation,Fig.2-2 Connecting rod mechanism and crankshaft(曲柄连杆机构) 1fuel and air(油气混合气) 2piston(活塞) 3spark plug(火花塞) 4compressed fuel and air(压缩后的油气混合气) 5cranking shaft(曲轴),III. Text Explanation,Fig.2-3 Valve assembly(配气机构) 1valve spring retainer(气门弹簧座圈) 2keeper(锁片) 3valve oil seal(气门油封) 4valve spring(气门弹簧) 5valve(气门) 6timing gear(正时齿轮) 7camshaft(凸轮轴),III. Text Explanation,Fig.2-4 A typical automobile cooling system(典型汽车冷却系统) 1pressure-release cap(泄压阀) 2fan(风扇) 3airflow(空气流)4drain cock(放气螺塞)5overflow pipe(溢流管) 6thermostat(节温器)7pump(水泵) 8cylinder(气缸),III. Text Explanation,1rocker arms(摇臂) 2rocker shaft(摇臂轴) 3valves(气门) 4cylinder head(气缸盖) 5camshaft(凸轮轴) 6oil gauge(油压表) 7oil filter(机油滤清器) 8floating oil intake and screen(集油盘) 9pump(机油泵) 10oil pan(油底壳) 11drive shaft(驱动轴) 12crankshaft(曲轴) 13timing chain tensioner(正时链张紧器) 14oil galleries(集油器) 15tappet(凸轮) 16push rods(推杆),Fig.2-5 The engine lubrication system(发动机润滑系统),III. Text Explanation,The four strokes refer to intake, compression, combustion (power) and exhaust strokes that occur during two crankshaft rotations per working cycle of the gasoline engine and diesel engine. refer to 短语指参考,查阅;涉及,提到;指的是 译文:四冲程指的是进气行程、压缩行程、燃烧行程(做功行程)和排气行程。汽油机和柴油机一个工作循环内,曲轴两圈完成这四个行程。 refer to Dont refer to this matter again, please. 请别再提这件事。,III. Text Explanation,The cam lobes on the camshaft are so related to the crankshaft crankpins through the gears or sprockets and chain as to cause the valves to open and close with the correct relationship to the piston strokes. related to 固定词组 ph. 1. 与.有关 2. 与.是亲戚 through with 完成 译文:凸轮轴上的凸轮通过齿轮或链轮链条与曲轴轴颈相连,这样,可以使气门按照活塞行程的正确顺序开启和关闭。 through with Are you through with your work? 你的工作完成了吗?,III. Text Explanation,The most common way to cool an automobile engine is to circulate a liquid coolant through passages in the engine block and cylinder head. be to do sth 意为做某事,干某工作 译文:汽车发动机最基本的冷却方式是使冷却液在发动机体和气缸盖的通道中循环流动。 be to do sth A teachers work is to impart knowledge. 教师的工作是传授知识。,
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