,电子信息技术专业英语,Unit 1 Electronic Components,电子元件,Part One Electronics,Technical terms: electronic equipment 电子设备 electronic circuits 电子电路 electrical energy 电能 variable resistors 可调电阻 alternating currents 交流电 direct currents 直流电 non-conducting material 绝缘体 Questions for text discussion: What component can restrict the flow of electrons ? resistor What component can be used to change AC into DC? diode What componet can amplify small signal ? transistor,Preparing for the text:,The main idea of this unit:,This unit mainly discusses the basic knowledge about different components. (1) A resistor is to restrict the flow of electrons and reduce the current or voltage flowing by converting electrical energy into heat. (2) Diodes can be used to change alternating currents into direct currents. (3) A capacitor consist of two pieces of conducting material (such as metal) separated by a non-conducting material called a dielectric. (4) Transistors can switch tiny electric currents on and off or amplify them,1.component n.元件 A computer consists of thousands of electronic components. 电脑由成千上万个电子元件组成。 2. circuit n.电路,New Words,开路（断路）open circuit 短路 short circuit 开路电压 open-circuit voltage 短路电流 short-circuit current 直流电路 direct current circuit (dc) 交流电路 alternating current circuit (ac),3. equipment n. 设备 The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year. 把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。 4. infinite adj. 无限的 5. encounter. vt. 遇到 I encountered great difficulties in learning English grammar. 我在学习英语语法时遇到了很大困难。 6. resistor n. 电阻 7. capacitor n.电容 8. dielectric n. 绝缘体 9. separate v. 分开 The two communities are separated by a highway. 这两个社区由一条公路隔开。,10. current n. 电流 (1). n. 电流 electric current There is a current flow in the circuit. (2). adj. 当前，现在 current events 当前事 11. transistor trAn5sist n 晶极管 12. amplifier 5Amplifai n. 放大器 power amplifier transistor amplifier,Text,译文: Unit 1 电子元件 电子设备中的电路有点像城市，而电路中的元件有点类似于城市中的建筑，这些元件在电路中完成不同的功能，它们通过导线、印制板金属连接线连在一起（这些线类似于街道）。与城市不同的是，城市中每个建筑物都是独一无二的，即使你想象中两个相同的房子和办公街区也略有不同，而电路则是由少量的标准元件构成的。但就像乐高玩具一样，这些标准化元件可以组成不同功能的电路，以发挥它们无尽的作用。 Phrases: be composed of,以下是你常遇到的重要元件： 电阻： 这是电路中最简单的元件，其作用是阻碍电子的流动，通过将电能转换成热能减少电流与电压。电阻可以呈现多种形状和尺寸，可变电阻（也称电位器）在调整时可以控制改变电阻大小，音频设备中的音量控制旋钮就使用了像这样的可变电阻。 Phrases: convert into ; volume controls ;audio equipment ; variable resistors,电容： 这一相对简单的元件由两块金属板隔以绝缘介质构成。常用于计时装置，它们也可以其它方式改变电流。在收音机中，你想调到想要收听的电台，可以调电容器。 Phrases: consist of 二极管： 二极管就像一个单行道，它只允许电流单向流动。二极管也被称为检波器，它可以用来将交流电变为直流电。 Phrases: alternating currents ; direct currents 晶体管： 很显然，这一元件是计算机中的重要元件，晶体管可以通、断电路中的电流，还可以放大电流（将小电流转换成大电流），开关晶体管可在计算机中用作存储器，而晶体管放大器可以用于助听器提高音量。将晶体管连到一起，它们可以构成具有执行逻辑判断功能的逻辑门电路。 Phrases: act as ; hearing aids; logic gates,Notes to the text: theyre packed with components (similar to buildings) that do different jobs and the components are linked together by cables or printed metal connections (similar to streets). 电路由元件构建(元件类似于城市的建筑物), 不同的元件有着不同的作用, 通过导线、印制电路板走线（类似于街道）可以将这些元件联接在一起。 这里that do different jobs为定语从句，修饰先行词components,be composed of , consist of , be made up of 的用法,be composed of 正式用语 指将两个或两个以上的人或物放到一起形成一个整体 consist of 一个整体由几个部分组成或由某些材料构成 be made up of 就是单纯的由构成，组成 通常情况下可以和第二个互换 但是要记住consist是不及物动词，没有被动形式 所以他是主动的 而 be made up of 一定要用被动的,In fact, happiness may be composed of anything you could ever think of. 当然，有一些人只要基本的生活需求得到满足就可以立刻感到很幸福。,be composed of: 由组成,All bodies consist of molecules and molecules of atoms. 物体由分子构成，分子又由原子构成。,consist of： 由组成；,be made up of： 由组成，由构成,Will the resulting solid be made up of crystals or not? 得到的固体是不是结晶而成的呢？,Expressions,Exercises: 1. Translate the following phrases and expressions. (1) 电路中最简单的元件 (2) 电能转换成热能 (3) flow in only one direction (4) 通、断开关 (5) insulating material called a dielectric. 2. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. circuit current transistors conductors charge (1) The job of resistor is to reduce the flowing. (2) Alternating currents are ones flowing back and forth round a . (3) The electric field always does positive work on the . (4) Semicoductors are neither good nor good insulators(绝缘体). (5) that work as switches act as the memories in computers.,3. Tell what the underlined words mean here.,(1) Matter is made up of atoms, which are composed of a number of fundamental (基本的)particles(粒子). (2) As an example, we may produce a negative charge on a balloon (气球)by rubbing （摩擦）it against our hair. (3) The unit of voltage , or potential difference, as it is sometimes called, is the volt(V). (4) The balloon will then stick to a wall or the ceiling, which are uncharged. (5) We now define the coulomb(C) by stating that the charge of an electron is a negative one of 1.6021810-19 coulombs. Putting it another way, a coulomb（库仑） is the charge of about 6.241018 electrons. 4. Choose the appropriate words or expressions to fill in the blanks. (1) The switch, resistor (电