Ernest Hemingway (18991961),1899-1961 Oak Park, Illinois Second child in a family of six Hunting and fishing,Young Hemingway fishing in Michigan in 1904,Reporter in the Kansas City Star newspaper Red Cross volunteer Wounded Decorated by the Italian government,Ernest Hemingway as an American Red Cross volunteer in Italy, 1918,Marriage Paris, France Travel Europe In Our Time The Sun Also Rises,Ernest Hemingway and Hadley Hemingway in Switzerland, 1922,.,Nobel Prize Winner in 1954 To avoid the use of adjectives , esp. such extravagant ones as splendid, gorgeous, grand, magnificent etc. Attained the preferences for short sentences, short first paragraphs and vigorous English The Sun Also Rises (1926) Jake Barnes Robert Cohn Brett Ashley,Spanish Civil War & World War The Pulitzer Prize in 1953 The Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954 Commit Suicide in 1961,In Our Time 在我们的时代里 1925 The Sun Also Rises 太阳照样升起 1926 A Farewell To Arms 永别了，武器1929 For Whom the Bell Tolls 丧钟为谁而鸣1940 The Old Man and the Sea 老人与海1952,.,Men Without Women 没有女人的男人 Green Hills of Africa 非洲的青山 Across the River and Into the Trees过河入林 A Clean, Well-Lighted Place一个清洁、明亮的地方 A Days Wait 一天的等待 Garden Of Eden 伊甸园 The Snows of Kilimanjaro 乞力马扎罗的雪 The Fifth Column第五纵队 The Killers 杀人者,In Our Time (1925),Hemingways first book of stories The effect of war on a young man,The Sun Also Rises (1926),The book was an immediate success. Young Americans in Europe after World War “The Lost Generation“-a group of wandering, amusing, but aimless people, who are caught in the war and removed from the path of ordinary life.,For Whom the Bell Tolls(1940),A volunteer American guerrilla fighting in the Spanish Civil War Theme-Anti-fascism His dying convinces people that life is worth living and there are causes worth dying for,The Old Man and the Sea (1952),Published first in Life magazine in 1952, restored again his fame and played a huge part in his winning the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature An old Cuban fisherman and his battle with a giant marlin- a representation of life as a struggle against unconquerable natural forces,Having no facility for speech-making and no command of oratory nor any domination of rhetoric, I wish to thank the administrators of the generosity of Alfred Nobel for this Prize. No writer who knows the great writers who did not receive the Prize can accept it other than with humility. There is no need to list these writers. Everyone here may make his own list according to his knowledge and his conscience.,It would be impossible for me to ask the Ambassador of my country to read a speech in which a writer said all of the things which are in his heart. Things may not be immediately discernible in what a man writes, and in this sometimes he is fortunate; but eventually they are quite clear and by these and the degree of alchemy that he possesses he will endure or be forgotten.,Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. Organizations for writers palliate the writers loneliness but I doubt if they improve his writing. He grows in public stature as he sheds his loneliness and often his work deteriorates. For he does his work alone and if he is a good enough writer he must face eternity, or the lack of it, each day.,For a true writer each book should be a new beginning where he tries again for something that is beyond attainment. He should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried and failed. Then sometimes, with great luck, he will succeed.,How simple the writing of literature would be if it were only necessary to write in another way what has been well written. It is because we have had such great writers in the past that a writer is driven far out past where he can go, out to where no one can help him. I have spoken too long for a writer. A writer should write what he has to say and not speak it. Again I thank you.,.,Literary Point of View: Essentially a negative writer Holds a black, naturalistic view of the world and sees it as “all a nothing” Sees life in terms of battles and tension The typical Hemingway situations are usually characterized by chaos and brutality and violence, by crime and death, and sport, hard drinking and sexual promiscuity. Code Herowounded but strong, more sensitivity and action but less words, enjoys pleasure of life (sex, alcohol, sport), in face of ruin and death and maintains an ideal of himself.,.,Writing Style He always manages to choose words concrete, specific, more commonly found, more Anglo-Saxon, casual and conversational, and employs them in a syntax of short simple sentences, which are orderly and patterned, conversational and sometimes ungrammatical. His distinctive writing style is characterized by economy and understatement. He used understate- ment and omission which make the text multilayered and rich in allusions.,Iceberg Principle “The Dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water.” He believes t