The creator of the “modern garden.“, Thomas Church,1.Introduction (Early life & education & Major publications) 2.Ideas 3.Major Design Works,CONTENTS,1.Introduction,Early life Thomas Church was born in 1902 in California. He retired in 1977 and died in 1978. Church was educated in the 1920s at the University of California, Berkeley, at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, and in Europe on a Sheldon Traveling Fellowship. The timing coincided with a rapidly changing social context in California and a revolution in art and architecture on an international scale.,Thomas Church ( 1902 1978),Education He received the Fine Arts Medal of the American Institute of Architects (1951), The Gold Medal of the American Society of Landscape Architects (1976), The Gold Medal of the New York Architectural League (1953), the Oakleigh Thorne Medal from the Garden Club of America (1969) and a Fellowship of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1978).,Gardens are for people ,During his life he wrote two books: Gardens are for people (1955) and followed by Your Private World.,Major publications,BACK,Unity Function Simplicity Scale,Design principles,“By the 1950s Church had become one of the leading landscape architects in the United States, working on large commercial and institutional projects with eminent architects of the modern movement, including Eera Saarinen and Edward Durell Stone. But the bulk of his practice was on a domestic scale and it was on garden design that his reputation was based.“ Churchs designs focused on the increasing use of small gardens and the need to reduce maintenance while providing privacy and beauty. He increased the use of hard cover surfaces and ground-cover plantings. He used screens such as rows of trees to separate areas and small hills to create “rooms“ or garden. During his time the central axis of a garden was abandoned for a multiplicity of view points.,Design Style,Church used 4 basic principle for his designs: “ Unity, which is the consideration of the schemes as a whole, both house and garden; function, which is the relation of the practical service areas to the needs of the household and the relation of the decorative areas to the desires and pleasure of those who use it; simplicity, upon which may rest both the economic and aesthetic success of the layout; and scale, which gives us a pleasant relation of parts to one another.“ “The new kind of garden is still supposed to be looked at. But that is no longer its only function. It is designed primarily for living, as an adjunct to the functions of the house. How well it provides for the many types of living that can be carried on outdoors is the new standard by which we can judge a garden.“,BACK,Major Design Works,Garden in sonoma, Nothern California, 1948. A ptos beach house, Nothern California, 1948. Garden at woodside. California, 1953 A Garden On a Rolling Foothill Site Others Gardens,Churchs the most important work was the Dewey Donnell Garden,The Donnell Garden,The biomorphic kidney-shaped pool; its Adaline Kent sculpture which functions both as a focal point and a tiny, inhabitable island; and the floating deck, designed with a checkerboard of wooden boards that preserved existing trees while extending the outdoor living space.,General plan of the Donnell Garden,The pool of Donnel Garden,The cabana has two sides of glass to take every advantage of the view. When the sliding doors are open, it becomes a part of the terrace.,The pool,its shape inspired by the winding creeks of the salt marshes below,was designed to provide adeqate space for all water activies.,The Donnell Garden,The Donnell Garden,BACK,Aptos garden(阿普托斯花园) It is a weekend beach vacation villa located in the courtyard. Church used a 45 degree angle inclined platform to the extend out construction.Stools of strong serrated line contrast sharply to the edge of the other side of the smooth piano lines grown.,Aptos garden,Aptos garden,Aptos garden,Aptos garden,The powerful jagged line of low stool,Aptos garden,BACK,This design of the 1950s is an expression of the close relationship between house and garden and the use of the garden for outdoor living. The shape of the pool, with its 45 feet of uninterrupted swimming space, exaggerates perspective,thereby increasing space, exaggerates perspective, thereby increasing the apparent size of the garden as seen from the house.,Garden at woodside. California, 1953,The pools peninsula is large enough for a table an chairs and umbrella. The west boudary is denfined by a natural hillside,colored by wild flowers in springtime. The four large oak trees were moved onto the site and link the garden with its setting. Ones eye focuses on the oak nearest the back of the house. Three wide steps lead up to the brick-paved terrace and the wooden bench beneath,a shady place to ssit and rest.,Garden at woodside. California, 1953,Garden at Woodside,Garden at Woodside,BACK,The souththern orientation of