中考英语冲刺精讲 -专题篇,2013-03-12,非谓语动词复习,中考考查重点,一。其考查重点为： it作形式主语、宾语的用法 感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法； 动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用 一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to，但变为被动语态时就要带to； 有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。,在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词 它不受人称和数的限制 动词的基本用法是做放在主语之后做谓语。 eg. I work in a factory. 当句中已有谓语动词时，如在需在别的位置上要用动词就只能用非谓语动词， 非谓语动词重要包括：动词不定式（to do)、动名词、分词（现在分词、过去分词）,Eg. 1) I decide to work in a factory.,2) I enjoy working in a factory.,3) He is the man working in a factory.,4) Please hand in your written exercises.,非谓语动词的概念,一、动词不定式,1、动词不定式做主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it做形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末.其结构是 Its +adj.+of/ for sb + to do. Eg .To learn English well is useful It is useful for us to learn English well.,注意：此时用of还是用for 关键是看形容词形容的是什么，如果是形容做此事怎么样用for,反之如形容人的性格特征的用of,1）Its very kind _you to help me. 2）Its necessary _us to master a foreign language. Its nice _you to invite us. Its interesting _ us to play football.,of,for,of,for,2、不定式做宾语 1）一些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语。如: want, decide, hope, agree, wish, need ,promise, would like, plan等。,只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：,决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事,decide to do sth. 决定做某事 want would like to do sth. 想做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事 be used to do 被用来做,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事 make up ones mind to do 下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事,eg. We hope_(see) the film. Would you like _(go) with us?,to see,to go,2)在find, think后用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。,Eg. I find _necessary _ (master) a foreign language.,to see,it,to master,3）常见的一些用不带to的动词不定式做宾语，这类动词有：Why not do-,had better(not) do, would rather do- than do, could/would you please do Eg. I would rather _(stay) at home than _(go) out.,stay,go,3.不定式做宾补,1)不定式做宾补时，与宾语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，常见的动词有tell, ask,want, allow, get, invite, encourage等。否定形式在to do前加not,My mother often encourages me _(study) hard. We dont allow people _(smoke) here. The students are often told_(not give) up. He asked me _(not drive) here.,to study,to smoke,not to give,not to drive,接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：,请求与命令 想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助,请求与命令,ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事,想要邀请期待鼓励与建议,want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事,答应告诫允许提醒和帮助,promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事,省略to的情况:,使役动词和感官动词+宾语+宾补后：一感二听三让四看 feel/ hear, listen to/ let,make, have, / look at, see, watch, notice 通式： see sb. do sth had better （not）do sth. 最好(不)做 why not /why dont you do sth为什么不做? help sb.（to）do sth Would rather do sth宁愿做 would you please do sth 情态动词+do 助动词will/shall+do,2)使让动词和感官动词用省略to 的不定式做宾补,Eg.1.The boss made the workers _(work) for another 2 hours. 2. I saw lucy _(go) out just now.,work,go,4、不定式做定语，放在被修饰词后，一般并与被修饰词间有动宾关系,Eg. Would you like something _(eat)? There is nothing _(worry) about. Have you got anything else _(say) He is often the first one_(get) here.,to eat,to worry,to say,to get,注意：此时变为被动语态必须将to 加上.如： Lucy was seen to go out just now.,注意:动词不定式的否定形式为： not + to do,Mr.Smith asked the boy _(not play) this kind of game.,not to play,Please have him _(not do) so much housework.,not do,返回主页,5.不定式放在疑问词what, where, which how之后，此时相当于一个宾语从句,Eg. I dont know what _(do) tomorrow.= I dont know _ tomorrow. He didnt know where_(go) for the holiday. He didnt know where_ for the holiday. I wonder how_(处理）it next. I wonder how _it next.,I should deal with,to do,What I should do,to deal with,he would go,to go,二、动名词,1.动名词（短语）做主语，此时谓语动词用单数 Eg. _ (collect) stamps _(be) my favorite.,Collecting,is,2.动名词做动词或介词的宾语。此类动词有 keep, enjoy, preferto , mind, cant help, finish, feel like, practise , Would you mind _(smoke) here? Knives are used for _(cut) things.,smoking,cutting,喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习,enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 spend.doing sth. 花费做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象做某事 cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事,miss doing sth. 错过做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 保持（继续）做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事,错过建议保持介意值得考虑,只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：,喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 错过建议保持介意值得考虑 （押韵）,介词+doing,常考介词: at, in, on of, off, for, from up, about, without to 等等,be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事 be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做