能力提升题组训练(B) .阅读理解 A (2018 宁波十校高三模拟) We live in a society where many people tend to have “black and white thinking” and extreme thinking.Every day a new headline announces a certain food is bad and ruining our health,while praises another food of its amazing benefits.Each year,new studies in nutrition science come out,many of which are against earlier findings. Additionally,we are told the lie that if we eat the “correct foods” and follow a set of rules,we will gain health and happiness. Weve all heard someone saying,“I ate a brownie(巧克力蛋糕)and I was so bad today.” Someone feels that what they eat determines whether they are a “good” or “bad” person.For instance,someone might also say,“I am a good parent if I feed my child this.”However,food isnt good or bad.What you choose to eat does not determine your value or worth as a human being.The only reason to feel guilty for eating a brownie is that you stole it from the store. Besides,the idea that you shouldnt eat later in the evening is a nutrition myth.Our metabolism(代谢) keeps running 24 hours a day.Rules (like telling yourself when to stop eating) create fear and a sense that you cannot trust with food. Consistently fueling your body every few hours especially when you are hungry will allow you to feel your best.So when you feel hungry before heading to bed,eat some cheese and crackers. In my opinion,mental health is an important part of ones overall health.I think we can all agree that being terrified to eat some food is not mentally healthy.Rather than focusing on food rules,aim for balance,variety and flexibility. 1.We can judge whether a person is “good” or “bad” by . A.the source of the food B.the time when they eat their food C.the persons preference for food D.the things they put in their food 2.Which of the following can be inferred from the text? A.Its wrong for people to eat anything late in the evening. B.Its important to keep a balanced diet for peoples health. C.Fear of some food is an important reflection of mental health. D.Parents who give children bad food are bad parents. 3.What seems to be the authors attitude toward the present thoughts about food? A.Disapproving B.Favorable C.Reserved D.Objective 语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。作者表明了自己对当下的一些饮食原则的看法,我们应更多地关注 饮食平衡、饮食多样性和灵活性。 答案及剖析: 1.A 细节理解题。由文章第二段内容“food isnt good or bad.What you choose to eat does not determine your value or worth as a human being.The only reason to feel guilty for eating a brownie is that you stole it from the store”可知,作者认为判断一 个人好坏得依据食物来源而不是食物本身,故选 A。 2.B 推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“So when you feel hungry before heading to bed,eat some cheese and crackers.”可知 A 项叙述错误;由文章最后一句“Rather than focusing on food rules,aim for balance,variety and flexibility”可知,作者认为平衡饮食 对健康很重要,故 B 项正确;由文章最后一段第二句“I think we can all agree that being terrified to eat some food is not mentally healthy”可知 C 项叙述不正确;由文章第二段内 容“someone might also say,I am a good parent if I feed my child this. However,food isnt good or bad.”可知,作者认为食物的好坏并不能决定一个人的好坏,D 项 不正确。 3.A 观点态度题。由文章第一段和最后一段可知,作者并不赞同当下的一些有关饮食的说法,故选 A。 B (2018 江西师范大学附属中学高三三模) If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life,new research may come as a shock.According to a recent scientific study,people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all. Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years.The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die.The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour.The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers.The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time,this can cause serious injuries. Peter Schnohr,a researcher in Copenhagen,said,“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy,jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy.Anything more is not just unnecessary,and it may be harmful.” The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi,yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events,triathlons and long- distance running and cycling.According to Jacob Louis Marott,another researcher involved in the study,“You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much”. 4.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “ ”. A.hard B.regular C.practical D.flexible 5.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to . A.suggest giving up jogging B.show risks of doing sports C.provide supportive evidence D.introduce the research process 6.According to the scientists,why is too much exercise harmful? A.It may injure the heart and arteri