Ceramic material,1026010215 ZuochenXu,Introduction of ceramic material,Structures of ceramic material,Properties of ceramic material,Applications of ceramic material,Structures of ceramic material,Ceramic material is heterogeneous and polycrystalline （多相多晶）material .It usually consists of three different phases. 1.Crystalling phase 2.Glass phase 3.Gas phase,1.Crystalline phase is the main constituent（组成） phase in the ceramic material. It determines the physicochemical property of ceramic material. 2. The role of the glass phase is filled grain gap, bonding crystalline grain ,increasing the material density and inhibiting grain growth . 3 The gas phase is formed and retained（保留） in the process.,Properties of ceramic material,Mechanical properties The ceramic material has high stiffness and hardness .Most of its hardness is 1500 Hv or more.The ceramic material also has higher compressive（抗压) strength, but lower tensile strength.In addition,its ductility and toughness is low.,2. Thermal properties Ceramic materials generally have high melting point (most is above 2000 ) and have excellent chemical stability at high temperatures; thermal conductivity of ceramic is lower than the metal material. Ceramic is also good heat-barrier（隔热） material . While the coefficient of linear expansion(膨胀) of the ceramic is lower than the metal, and when the temperature changes, the ceramic have a good dimensional(尺寸） stability.,3. electrical property Most ceramics have good electrical insulation（绝缘性）,so it is widely used as making vavious voltages (1kV 110kV) the insulating device. Ferroelectric(铁电） ceramics (BaTiO3) has higher dielectric constant（介电常数）;so it can be used for the production of capacitors, the ferroelectric ceramic can change its shape under the influence of electric-field, it can transfer of electric to mechanical energy .few ceramic has the characteristics of a semiconductor, so it can be used as the rectifier（整流器）.,4. optical property The ceramic material also has the unique optical properties, it can be used as solid laser materials, optical fiber materials, optical storage and so on, transparent ceramics can be used for high pressure sodium （钠灯管）. 5. chemical properties Ceramic material is not easily oxidized at high temperatures and has good corrosion resistance toward acid, alkali, salt.,Applications of ceramic material,Functional ceramics,Tools ceramics,Structural ceramics,Applications of ceramic material,The functional ceramic is dielectric（介质 ）material which has electrical, magnetic, acoustic（声）, optical, thermal, force, chemical or biological function.,A wide variety of functional ceramic materials have a wide range of uses. It includes the ferroelectric, piezoelectric（压电）, dielectric（介电）, pyroelectric（热释电）, semiconductor, electro-optical and magnetic advanced ceramics . It is the main basic material in the fields of electronic information, integrated circuits, mobile, energy technology.,Applications of structural ceramic,This ceramic is mainly used for the production of structural parts. Some mechanical industrial seals, bearings, cutting tools, ball valves（球阀）, cylinder liner（套管） are frequently subjected to friction（摩擦） and easily wear out. If these are made of metal and alloy ,they will be broken in a short time. However,the structural material can withstand this “ordeal“.,密封件,球阀,轴承,热电偶套管,坩埚,发动机火花塞,The new development of ceramics,The new ceramic is fine ceramic. Its properties are resistant to high temperatures, super-strength, multi-function,so it plays the leading role in the world of new materials.精细陶瓷是指以精制的高纯度人工合成的无机化合物为原料，采用精密控制工艺烧结的高性能陶瓷，因此又称先进陶瓷或新型陶瓷。,Fine ceramic is new material, it will be used extensively. Fine ceramic with excellent performance is possible to instead of steel and other metals .And it is widely used to achieve save energy, improve efficiency and reduce costs.If fine ceramic combine with high molecular synthetic material ,it will makes the transport more light, small and high efficient.,The fine ceramic materials will become new material which has features as high strength and resistance to high temperature .So it can be used as making all kinds of heat engine material and power component materials in fuel cells and so on.,Thank you !,