Summary writing,What is a summary?,A summary is a short statement that gives only the main points of sth, not the details.,It is a brief, complete and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.,本文总共25分，共分为5档,第五档(21-25) 理解准确,涵盖全部要点。 能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。 完全使用自己的言语。,4C 原则,评分标准,complete,correct,coherent,concise; no copy,Step1. Read for the style and structure of the passage.,How to write a summary?,Argumentation Exposition Narration,Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, northeast Chinas Heilongjiang Province. As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan. Chen Yan, a tourist from Changzhou, east Chinas Jiangsu Province, complained online on February 12 that he was being overcharged 10,000 yuan for three big fish at a local wild fish restaurant in Songbei District of Harbin. Worse still, he claimed that his family members were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff when he questioned the bill at the checkout. Chens complaint immediately spread on Chinas social media. The investigation results by some local government departments showed that the restaurant had no fault, since they had already tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again. Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did have violated the rights of consumers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished. Similar cases of fraudulent (欺骗的) pricing at scenic spots have also been reported elsewhere in China. In October 2015, for instance, a tourist was overcharged for a course of shrimp (虾) in the coastal city of Qingdao, east Chinas Shandong Province, when the restaurant claimed the quoted price of 38 yuan was not for the dish, but for each shrimp! Authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished.,Narration,When,Who,What,Why,Where,How,5W + 1H,How to write a summary?,Step 2. Find the topic sentences or key words of each part.,Leave out details and reduce the examples.,Recently，a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, northeast Chinas Heilongjiang Province. As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan.,face a heavy fine,when,where,what,Chen Yan, a tourist from Changzhou, east Chinas Jiangsu Province, complained online on February 12 that he was being overcharged 10,000 yuan for three big fish at a local wild fish restaurant in Songbei District of Harbin. Worse still, he claimed that his family members were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff when he questioned the bill at the checkout.,Chens complaint immediately spread on Chinas social media. The investigation results by some local government departments showed that the restaurant had no fault, since they had already tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again.,who,what,Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did have violated the rights of consumers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished.,why,Similar cases of fraudulent (欺骗的) pricing at scenic spots have also been reported elsewhere in China. In October 2015, for instance, a tourist was overcharged for a course of shrimp (虾) in the coastal city of Qingdao, east Chinas Shandong Province, when the restaurant claimed the quoted price of 38 yuan was not for the dish, but for each shrimp! Authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished.,how,Step 3. Organize your own passage. 1. Use your own words. 2. To be concise. * omit the details * reduce the examples * simplify the descriptions * eliminate all repetitions 3. To present the information fairly and do not give your own comments. 4. Add transitional expressions to make your summary coherent.,How to write a summary?,Skill1:_,词性转换法,Skill2:_,同义替换法,Skill3:_,改变语态法,Skill4:_,句式转换法,Skill5:_,压缩长句法,Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin and faced a heavy fine.,Lately, a wild fish restaurant in Harbin faced being shut down and a heavy fine.,lately/not long ago,require/command,close down,2. Chen Yan complained he was being overcharged and were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff. Chens complaint immediately spread on Chinas social media.,A customer named Chen Yan exposed his being overcharged and the violent treatment of the restaurant to the public.,Chens complaint that spread,viole